CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

oxalate    →   oksalat

Oxalates are salts of oxalic acid (H₂C₂O₄), an acid found in many plants and vegetables.

ozonolisys    →   ozonoliza

Ozonolisys is a procedure of adding ozone to an unsaturated organic compound, by which first ozonides emerge, and then degrade.

parchment paper    →   pergamentni papir

Parchment paper is impermeable paper obtained by dipping cellulosic paper in the sulphuric acid.

dissociation    →   disocijacija

Dissociation is the process by which a chemical combination breaks up into simpler constituents as a result of either added energy (dissociated by heat), or the effect of a solvent on a dissolved polar compound (electrolytic dissociation). It may occur in the gaseous, solid, or liquid state, or in a solution.

An example of dissociation is the reversible reaction of hydrogen iodide at high temperatures

The term dissociation is also applied to ionisation reactions of acids and bases in water. For example

which is often regarded as a straightforward dissociation into ions

dissociation constant    →   konstanta disocijacije

Dissociation constant is a constant whose numerical value depends on the equilibrium between the undissociated and dissociated forms of a molecule. A higher value indicates greater dissociation.

The term dissociation is also applied to ionisation reactions of acids and bases in water. For example

which is often regarded as a straightforward dissociation into ions

The equilibrium constant of such a dissociation is called the acid dissociation constant or acidity constant, given by

The concentration of water [H₂O] can be taken as constant.

Similarly, for a base, the equilibrium

is also a dissociation; with the base dissociation constant or basicity constant, given by

K_a (K_b) is a measure of the strength of the acid (base).

pectin    →   pektin

Pectins are complex highmolecular carbohydrates, formed mostly from galacturonic acid. They are present in many kinds of fruit and vegetable and are used in the production of fruit jellies.

plain salt    →   jednostavna sol

Plain salt is a salt that contains only metal ions (or ammonium ions) and acid radical. It is created when all ions of hydrogen in an acid are replaced with ions of metal (or ammonium ions).

polyamide    →   poliamid

Polyamides are copolymers formed by condensation polymerization of monomers of dycarboxyl acid with a monomer of diamine, for example nylon.

polyens    →   polieni

Polyens are unsaturated acyclic compounds with many conjugated double connections between atoms of carbon (CH₂=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH₂).

reactivity series    →   reaktivni niz

Reactivity series or activity series is a series of elements (usually metals) ranked by their reactivity degree, made for comparison of reactions of elements with other substances, e.g. acids and oxygen.