CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

trigonal planar molecular geometry    →   trigonska planarna geometrija molekule

Trigonal planar is a molecular shape that results when there are three bonds and no lone pairs around the central atom in the molecule. The pairs are arranged along the central atom’s equator, with 120° angles between them. Molecules with an trigonal planar electron pair geometries have sp²d hybridization at the central atom. The carbonate ion (CO₃^2-) has a trigonal planar geometry.

trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry    →   trigonska piramidalna geometrija molekule

Trigonal pyramidal is a molecular shape that results when there are three bonds and one lone pair on the central atom in the molecule. Molecules with an tetrahedral electron pair geometries have sp³ hybridization at the central atom. Ammonia (NH₃) is a trigonal pyramidal molecule.

ultraviolet light    →   ultraljubičasto svjetlo

Ultraviolet light (UV light or UV radiation) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength longer than that of x-rays, but shorter than that of visible light. Ultraviolet light can break some chemical bonds and cause cell damage.

Lennard-Jones potential    →   Lennard-Jonesov potencijal

The Lennard-Jones potential (or 12-6 potential) is a mathematically simple model that describes the interaction between two non-bonded and uncharged atoms (known as the van der Waals interaction). It was first proposed in 1924 by British physicist Sir John Edward Lennard-Jones (1894-1954). The Lennard-Jones Potential is given by the following equation

where V is the intermolecular potential between the two atoms or molecules, ε is the well depth and a measure of how strongly the two particles attract each other, σ is the distance at which the intermolecular potential between the two particles is zero, r is the distance of separation between centres of both particles.

Dipeptide    →   Dipeptid

Dipeptide is an organic compound formed when two amino acids are joined by a peptide bond. Depending on which groups of amino acids are involved in the peptide bond four dipeptides can be formed from two different amino acids. For example, glycine (Gly) and alanine (Ala) can give two symmetrical dipeptides (GlyGly and AlaAla) and two unsymmetrical dipeptides (GlyAla and AlaGly). The naming is done by reading the sequence from the N-terminus to the C-terminus.