CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
amino acids → aminokiseline
Amino acids are compounds containing both a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH2 ). The most important are the α-amino acids, in which the -NH2 group in attached to the C atom adjacent to the -COOH group. In the β-amino acids, there is an intervening carbon atom.
antimony → antimon
Antimony has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word stibium meaning mineral stibnite. It is hard, brittle, silvery-white semimetal. Stable in dry air. Toxic by ingestion or inhalation. Antimony is found in stibnite (Sb2S3) and in valentinite (Sb2O3). It is alloyed with other metals to increase their hardness. Also in the manufacture of a few special types of semiconductor devices. Also in plastics and chemicals. A few kinds of over-the-counter cold and flu remedies use antimony compounds.
antioxidant → antioksidans
Antioxidants are compounds that slow down oxidation processes that degrade foods, fuels, rubber, plastic, and other materials. Antioxidants like butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), are added to food to prevent fats from becoming rancid and to minimize decomposition of vitamins and essential fatty acids; they work by scavenging destructive free radicals from the food.
arsenic → arsen
Arsenic was discovered by Albertus Magnus (Germany) in 1250. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word arsenikon meaning yellow orpiment. It is steel-grey, brittle semi-metal. Resists water, acids and alkalis. Tarnishes in air, burns in oxygen. Highly toxic by inhalation or ingestion. Arsenic is found in mispickel (arsenopyrite). Many of its compounds are deadly poison and used as weed killer and rat poison. Used in semiconductors. Some compounds, called arsenides, are used in the manufacture of paints, wallpapers and ceramics.
astatine → astat
Astatine was discovered by Emilio Gino Segrè, Dale R. Corson and K. R. MacKenzie (USA) in 1940. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word astatos meaning unstable. It is unstable, radioactive member of the halogen group. Astatine does not occur in nature. Similar to iodine. Produced by bombarding bismuth with alpha particles. Since its isotopes have such short half-lives there are no commercially significant compounds of astatine.
bioelement → bioelement
Bioelement is any chemical element that is found in the molecules and compounds that make up living organism.
cannabinoides → kanabinoidi
Cannabionides are phenolic compounds present in hallucinogenic drug cannabis sativa that comes from hemp.
carbonates → karbonati
Carbonates are compounds composed of metal cation and carbonate anion (CO32-), salts of carbonic acid.
chalcogens → halkogeni elementi
Chalcogens are the Group 16 elements: oxygen (O), sulphur (S), selenium Se), tellurium (Te), and polonium (Po). Compounds of these elements are called chalcogenides.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Oxo compound." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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