CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

Mannich reaction    →   Mannichova reakcija

Mannich reaction is a process in which hydrogen atoms in organic compounds are replaced with a methyl group.

mercaptides    →   merkaptidi

Mercaptides are derivatives of mercaptanes in which hydrogen from the SH-group is replaced with a metal atom.

methanoate    →   metaonat

Methanoate (formate) is a salt of methanic (formic) carboxyl acid.

Navier-Stokes equations    →   Navier-Stokesove jednadžbe

Navier-Stokes equations are a set of complex equations for the motion of a viscous fluid subject to external forces.

nitro colour    →   nitrobojilo

Nitro colours are artificial organic colours that contain nitro-group. They are used for colouring skin, wool and silk.

cysteine    →   cistein

Cysteine is neutral amino acids with polar side chains. Because of its high reactivity, the thiol group of cysteine has numerous biological functions. It serves as a potent nucleophile and metal ligand (particularly for iron and zinc), but is best known for its ability to form disulfide bonds, which often make an important contribution to the stability of extracellular proteins. Cysteine is a non-essential amino acid, which means that it is biosynthesized in humans.

• Abbreviations: Cys, C
• IUPAC name: 2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid
• Molecular formula: C₃H₇NO₂S
• Molecular weight: 121.16 g/mol

EDTA    →   EDTA

Ethyldiaminetetraacetic acid (C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₈) or shortened EDTA is a hexadentant ligand, and it forms chelates with both transition-metal ions and main-group ions. EDTA is used as a negative ion - EDTA^4-. The diagram shows the structure of the ion with the important atoms picked out. The EDTA ion entirely wraps up a metal ion using all 6 of the positions. The co-ordination number is again 6 because of the 6 co-ordinate bonds being formed by the central metal ion.

EDTA is frequently used in soaps and detergents, because it forms a complexes with calcium and magnesium ions. These ions are in hard water and interfere with the cleaning action of soaps and detergents. EDTA is also used extensively as a stabilizing agent in the food industry and as an anticoagulant for stored blood in blood banks. EDTA is the most common reagent in complexometric titration.

nitroso compound    →   nitrozo spoj

Nitroso compounds are compounds that contain the nitroso-group (.NO).

nitrosoamine    →   nitrozoamin

Nitrosoamines are carcinogenic compounds that contain nitroso and amino-group in a single molecule.

organic acid    →   organska kiselina

Organic acid is an organic compound which is sour, most often these are carboxylic acids (RCOOH).