CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
samarium → samarij
Samarium was discovered by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (France) in 1879. Named after the mineral samarskite. It is silvery rare earth metal. Stable in dry air. Oxide coating forms on surfaces exposed to moist air. Metal ignites and burns readily. Reacts with water. Samarium is found with other rare earths in monazite sand. It is used in the electronics and ceramics industries. It is easily magnetized and very difficult to demagnetise. This suggests important future applications in solid-state and superconductor technologies.
vinyl chloride → vinil klorid
Vinyl chloride, CH2=CHCl, is the monomer used in the synthesis of a polyvinylcloride.
viscosity → viskozitet
Viscosity. (η) (coefficient of viscosity) is the resistance a liquid exhibits to flow. Experimentally, the frictional force between two liquid layers moving past each other is proportional to the area of the layers and the difference in flow speed between them.
vitamin → vitamin
The name vitamin is obtained from vital amines as it was originally thought that these substances were all amines. This is now known not to be true as vitamins have a range of structures. The body requires a small amout of vitamins, but any deficiency leads to metabolic and physical disorders.
voltametry → voltametrija
Voltametry is a common name for a large group of instrumental techniques which are based on measuring the electric current formed by a continuous potential shifting on the electrodes.
saturated fat → zasićena mast
Saturated fats are fats in foods that are solid at room temperature. They come chiefly from animal sources (beef, whole-milk dairy products, dark meat poultry) but also from tropical vegetable oils (coconut, palm).
saturated fatty acid → zasićena masna kiselina
Saturated fatty acid is a fatty acid carrying the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms (It doesn’t have any double bounds in the alkyl chain). The most important of these are:
| Butyric (butanoic acid) | CH3(CH2)2COOH |
| Lauric (dodecanoic acid) | CH3(CH2)10COOH |
| Myristic (tetradecanoic acid) | CH3(CH2)12COOH |
| Palmitic (hexadecanoic acid) | CH3(CH2)14COOH |
| Stearic (octadecanoic acid) | CH3(CH2)16COOH |
| Arachidic (eicosanoic acid) | CH3(CH2)18COOH |
saturated solution → zasićena otopina
Saturated solution is a solution that holds the maximum possible amount of dissolved material. When saturated, the rate of dissolving solid and that of recrystallisation solid are the same, and a condition of equilibrium is reached. The amount of material in solution varies with temperature; cold solutions can hold less dissolved solid material than hot solutions. Gases are more soluble in cold liquids than in hot liquids.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "OFICINAVIRTUAL.ISSSTE.GOB.MX." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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