CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
Moh’s scale → Mohsova skala
Mohs’ scale of mineral hardness characterises the scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer. It was created by the German mineralogist Friedrich Mohs (1773-1839). Mohs based the scale on the ten readily available minerals.
| Hardness | Mineral |
|---|---|
| 1 | talc (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2) |
| 2 | gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) |
| 3 | calcite (CaCO3) |
| 4 | fluorite (CaF2) |
| 5 | apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(OH-,Cl-,F-)) |
| 6 | orthoclase feldspar (KAlSi3O8) |
| 7 | quartz (SiO2) |
| 8 | topaz (Al2SiO4(OH-,F-)2) |
| 9 | corundum (Al2O2) |
| 10 | diamond (C) |
monoclinic crystal system → monoklinski kristalni sustav
Minerals of the monoclinic crystal system are referred to three unequal axes. Two of these axes (a and c) are inclined toward each other at an oblique angle; these are usually depicted vertically. The third axis (b) is perpendicular to the other two and is called the ortho axis. The two vertical axes therefore do not intersect one another at right angles, although both are perpendicular to the horizontal axis.
a ≠ b ≠ c
α = γ = 90° ≠ β
para position → para položaj
Para position in organic chemistry is the one in which there are two same functional groups tied to a ring of benzene in the position 1 and 4. The abbreviation p- is used, for example, p-Hydroquinone is 1,4-dihydroxybenzene.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Ortho položaj." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
English
