CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

heat of reaction    →   toplina kemijske reakcije

Heat of reaction or enthalpy of reaction is the heat evolved or absorbed as a result of the complete chemical reaction of molar amounts of the reactants.

chemical reaction equation    →   jednadžba kemijske reakcije

Chemical reactions are symbolically shown with chemical equations. On the left side of the equation we write formulas or substance symbols which enter the chemical reaction, reactants. On the right side formulas or substance symbols which emerge from the chemical reaction, products, are writen.

Each chemical reaction leads to an equilibrium which is moved more or less to one side (left or right). Because of that, in reversible reactions instead of = sign two opposite arrows are put

In order to write down certain chemical reaction equation all reactants and all products and their stechiometric proportions must be known. (See Chemical reaction balancing)

chemical equation equalization    →   izjednačavanje kemijske jednadžbe

Chemical equation equalization is determining values of stechiometric coefficients of reactants and products in a chemical equation in a way that the number of atoms of each element is equal before and after the reaction.

chemical reaction    →   kemijska reakcija

Chemical reaction is a change of chemical properties of substances which react with each other. By means of a chemical reaction new substances are created by bond breaking between atoms and molecules of reactants and their reuniting in a new way, thereby creating products. Chemical reactions can be shown by chemical equations.

average rate of reaction    →   prosječna brzina reakcije

Average rate of reaction is calculated in a way that a total change of reactants and products concentration is divided with time which is needed for reaction to end.

addition reactions    →   reakcije adicije

Addition reactions are normally occur with unsaturated compounds and involve the addition of one molecule (called the reactant) across the unsaturated bond (i.e. the double bond or the triple bond) of another molecule (called the substrate) to give a single product, formed by the combination of both reacting molecules.

For example, bromine adds across the double bond of ethene in an addition reaction to form dibromoethane.

chemical raw material    →   kemijske sirovine

Chemical raw material are petroleum fractions used for obtaining organic chemicals, those are mostly refined gas and petroleum or fraction parts of petrol.

electroorganic reaction    →   elektroorganske reakcije

Electroorganic reaction is an organic reaction produced in an electrolytic cell. Electroorganic reactions are used to synthesise compounds that are difficult to produce by conventional techniques. An example of an electroorganic reaction is Kolbe’s method of synthesising alkanes.

heat    →   toplina

Heat is a form of energy associated with and proportional to molecular motion. It can be transferred from one body to another by radiation, conduction, or convection.

Heat of atomisation    →   toplina atomiziranja

Heat of atomisation or enthalpy of atomisation is the energy required to dissociate one mole of a given substance into atoms.