CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

luminous flux    →   svjetlosni tok

Luminous flux (Φ) is the intensity of light from a source multiplied by the solid angle. The SI unit is lumen.

light year    →   svjetlosna godina

Light year (ly) is a unit of distance used in astronomy, defined as the distance light travels in one year in a vacuum (ly = 9.46052973·10¹⁵ m).

candela    →   kandela

Candela (cd) is the SI base unit of luminous intensity.

The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540×10¹² Hz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian.

chlorophyll    →   klorofil

Chlorophyll is a green pigment present in green plants and cyanobacteria. Chlorophyll is essential in the transformation of light energy to chemical energy in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll absorbs light mostly in the blue and red ends of the visible spectrum, and very little in the green wavelengths. That green light is reflected, giving us the leaf colour we see.

electric cell    →   električni članak

Electric cell (battery) is a device that is capable of changing some form of energy, such as chemical, nuclear or radiant energy, into electricity. A solar cell, for example, consists of a semiconductor junction that converts sunlight directly into electricity. A dry cell battery converts chemical energy into electricity.

flame    →   plamen

Flame is a mixture of heat and light energy which occurs when sudden combustion occurs.

holography    →   holografija

Holography is a technique for creating a three-dimensional image of an object by recording the interference pattern between a light beam diffracted from the object and a reference beam. The image can be reconstructed from this pattern by a suitable optical system.

laser    →   laser

Laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) is a light amplifier usually used to produce monochromatic coherent radiation in the infrared, visible, and ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

lumen    →   lumen

Lumen (lm) is the SI derived unit of luminous flux. The lumen is the luminous flux emitted in a solid angle of one steradian by a point source having a uniform intensity of one candela (1 lm =1 cd·sr).

lux    →   luks

Lux (lx) is the SI derived unit of illuminance. The lux is the illuminance produced by a luminous flux of one lumen uniformly distributed over a surface of one square metre (1 lx = 1 lm·m^-2).