CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

coal gas    →   ugljeni plin

Coal gas is a gas produced by the destructive distillation of coal, and contains approximately 50 % hydrogen, 35 % methane and 8 % carbon monoxide. The by-products of the production of coal gas are coal tar and coke.

calomel electrode    →   kalomel elektroda

Calomel electrode is a type of half cell in which the electrode is mercury coated with calomel (Hg₂Cl₂) and the electrolyte is a solution of potassium chloride and saturated calomel. In the calomel half cell the overall reaction is

Table: Dependence of potential of calomel electrode upon temperature and concentration of KCl according to standard hydrogen electrode

carbon    →   ugljik

Carbon has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word carbo meaning charcoal. Graphite form of carbon is a black, odourless, slippery solid. Graphite sublimes at 3825 °C. Diamond form is a clear or colored; an extremely hard solid. C60 is Buckminsterfullerine. Carbon black burns readily with oxidants. Carbon is made by burning organic compounds with insufficient oxygen. There are close to ten million known carbon compounds, many thousands of which are vital to organic and life processes. Radiocarbon dating uses the carbon-14 isotope to date old objects.

colloid silver    →   koloidno srebro

Colloid silver is a bright blue-green powder which dissolved in water gives colloid solution of red colour.

condensational polymerisation    →   kondenzacijska polimerizacija

Condensational polymerisation is a reaction of polymerisation in which monomers together create a polymer by losing small molecules like water.

conductometry    →   konduktometrija

Conductometry is a volumetric analytic method in which the end of titration (equivalent point) is defined by an electric conductivity appliance.

contaminant    →   kontaminat

Contaminants are any physical, chemical, biological, or radiological substance or matter in water that may be harmful to human health or which degrade the palatability of water.

covalentity    →   kovalentnost

Covalentity is a maximum number of covalent bond that one atom can make, it is equal to the number of hydrogen atoms that are combined with other atoms. It is usually constant.

curium    →   kurij

Curium was discovered by Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James and Albert Ghiorso (USA) in 1944. Named in honour of Pierre and Marie Curie. It is silvery, malleable, synthetic radioactive metal. So radioactive it glows in the dark. Curium was made by bombarding plutonium with helium ions.

decomposing    →   raščinjavanje

Decomposing in analytical chemistry means that a certain substance is converted, by melting it with a suitable melting medium (sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium peroxide, ...) in the kind of compound which will afterwards that dissolve in water, acid or base very easily.