CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
photomultiplier → fotomultiplikator
Photomultiplier (photomultiplier tube or PMT) is a very versatile and sensitive detector of radiant energy in the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A typical photomultiplier tube consists of a photoemissive cathode (photocathode) followed by focusing electrodes, an electron multiplier (dynode) and an electron collector (anode) in a vacuum tube.
X-ray diffraction pattern → rendgenski difrakcijski uzorci
X-ray diffraction pattern is an interference pattern created by x-rays as they pass through a solid material. Studying X-ray diffraction patterns gives detailed information on the three-dimensional structure of crystals, surfaces, and atoms.
X-ray spectrum → spektar X-zraka
X-ray spectrum is a set of characteristic X-ray frequencies or wavelengths produced by a substance used as a target in an X-ray tube. Each element has a characteristic X-ray spectrum, and there is a strong correlation between atomic number and the frequencies of certain lines in the X-ray spectrum.
Zeeman, Pieter → Zeeman, Pieter
Pieter Zeeman (1865-1943) was a Dutch physicist who discovered the splitting of the spectral lines of a substance when placed in a magnetic field (known as the Zeeman effect). In 1902, Zeeman and Lorentz were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, for their, extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomenon.
plasma → plazma
Plasma is a highly ionised gas in which the charge of the electrons is balanced by the charge of the positive ions, so that the system as a whole is electrically neutral. Plasmas are created by exposing gases at low pressure to an electric or electromagnetic field. In semiconductor processing, plasmas are used for etching and thin film deposition (the excited state of the gas makes it very reactive). In everyday life plasmas are used to give light in fluorescent light bulbs, neon lamps, and blue insect traps.
Zimmermann-Reinhardt’s reagent → Zimmermann-Reinhardtov reagens
Zimmermann-Reinhardt’s reagent is a mixture of manganese(II) sulphate, sulphuric acid and phosphorus acid. It is used for preventing oxidation of chloride ion while titrating iron(II) ion with permanganate solution.
platinum → platina
Platinum was discovered by Antonio de Ulloa (South America) in 1735. The origin of the name comes from the Spanish word platina meaning silver. It is rare, very heavy, soft, silvery-white metal. Resists oxygen and water. Platinum is produced from deposits of native, or elemental. Used in jewellery, to make crucible and special containers and as a catalyst. Used with cobalt to produce very strong magnets. Also to make standard weights and measures. Resists corrosion and acid attacks except aqua regia.
polarimetry → polarimetrija
Polarimetry measures the overall turning of the flat of polarised light. It is used when analysing optically active substances and compounds.
polarogram → polarogram
Polarogram is a graph of current versus potential in a polarographic analysis. The position of a polarographic wave in a polarogram along the x axis (E1/2) provides an identity of the substance while the magnitude of the limiting diffusion current (id) provides the concentration of this substance.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Sửa báo cáo khoản vay nước ngoài." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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