CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
vitamin → vitamin
The name vitamin is obtained from vital amines as it was originally thought that these substances were all amines. This is now known not to be true as vitamins have a range of structures. The body requires a small amout of vitamins, but any deficiency leads to metabolic and physical disorders.
oxidation number → oksidacijski broj
Atoms can give one or more electrons for bond forming. The valence of any atom, which comes from stechiometrical relation of interbonded atoms, is called an oxidation number or an oxidation degree. Oxidation number of atoms in elementary state is zero. An atom of greater electronegativity has a negative, and an atom of lesser electronegativity has a positive oxidation number.
oxo compound → okso-spoj
Oxo compounds are organic compounds that contain the karbonyl group, C=O. The term thus embraces aldehydes, carboxylic acids, ketones, amides, and esters.
oxygen → kisik
Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley (England) in 1774. The origin of the name comes from the Greek words oxy genes meaning acid and forming (acid former). It is colourless, odourless gas; pale blue liquid. Extremely reactive. Forms oxides with nearly all other elements except noble gases. It is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust and makes up almost 21 % of the atmosphere. Oxygen is obtained primarily from liquid air by fractional distillation. Small amounts are made in the laboratory by electrolysis of water. Used in steel making, welding and supporting life. Naturally occurring ozone (O3) in the upper atmosphere shields the earth from ultraviolet radiation.
voltametry → voltametrija
Voltametry is a common name for a large group of instrumental techniques which are based on measuring the electric current formed by a continuous potential shifting on the electrodes.
volumetry → volumetrija
Volumetry consists of adding an equivalent amount of a reagent of exactly known concentration to the analyte. From stechiometrical proportion and added volume of reagent the quantity of matter in question can be calculated.
vulcanisation → vulkanizacija
Vulcanisation (vulcanisation of rubber) is a process of combining rubber with sulphur or other substances that causes the polymer chains to crosslink, making them stronger and more elastic.
waste water → otpadna voda
Waste waters are waters which pour down from housing, public or industrial plants and are polluted with mineral and organic substances and microorganisms.
paper chromatography → papirna kromatografija
Paper chromatography is one of the types of chromatography procedures which runs on a piece of specialized paper. It is a planar chromatography systems wherein a cellulose filter paper acts as a stationary phase on which separation of compounds occurs. The edge of the paper is immersed in a solvent, and the solvent moves up the paper by capillary action.
Paschen series → Paschenova serija
Paschen series are the series of lines in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom which corresponds to transitions between the state with principal quantum number n = 3 and successive higher states.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Sửa báo cáo khoản vay nước ngoài." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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