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Simple magnifier is a converging lens, placed between the object and the eye, with the object inside the focal length of the lens. The angular magnification of a simple magnifier is:
where f is the focal length of the lens and 15 cm is the near point distance for a normal eye. The image of the object is virtual, which means that the rays do not actually pass through the point of intersection, that is, it can not be seen on a screen.
Tungsten was discovered by Fausto and Juan Jose de Elhuyar (Spain) in 1783. Named after the tungsten mineral wolframite. It is hard, steel-grey to white metal. Highest melting point of all metals. Resists oxygen, acids and alkalis. Tungsten occurs in the minerals scheelite (CaWO4) and wolframite [(Fe,Mn)WO4]. Made into filaments for vacuum tubes and electric lights. Also as contact points in cars. Tungsten carbide is extremely hard and is used for making cutting tools and abrasives.
Generalic, Eni. "Lupa." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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