CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

conjugated base    →   konjugirana baza

Conjugated base is a particle which is left after a molecule of acid releases a proton.

conjugated acid    →   konjugirana kiselina

Conjugated acid is a particle that develops after a base receives a proton.

Bronsted base    →   Bronstedova baza

Brønsted base is a material that accepts hydrogen ions in a chemical reaction.

base    →   baza

Historically, base is a substance that yields an OH - ion when it dissociates in solution, resulting in a pH>7. In the Brønsted definition, a base is a substance capable of accepting a proton in any type of reaction. The more general definition, due to G.N. Lewis, classifies any chemical species capable of donating an electron pair as a base. Typically, bases are metal oxides, hydroxides, or compounds (such as ammonia) that give hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.

conjugated bond    →   konjugirana veza

Conjugated bonds describe the alternating pattern of double and single bonds, or triple bonds and single bonds, in a molecule. In such molecules, there is some delocalisation of electrons into the pi orbitals of the carbon atoms linked by the single bond.

conjugated double bond    →   konjugirana dvostruka veza

Conjugated double bond in organic compounds is a system of double bonds between atoms which are separated by one single bond (1,3-butene, H₂C=CH-CH=CH₂).

Lewis base    →   Lewisova baza

Lewis base is an agent capable of donating a pair of electrons to form a coordinate bond.

Schiff base    →   Schiffova baza

Schiff base is a class of compounds derived by the chemical reaction (condensation) of aldehydes or ketones with aromatic amines, for example

They were named after the German chemist Hugo Schiff (1834-1915).

weak base    →   slaba baza

Weak base is a base that only partially dissociates into ions in solution. Weak bases are weak electrolytes. Ammonia is an example of a weak base

acid-base indicator    →   kiselo-bazni indikator

Acid-base indicator is a weak acid or weak base, such as litmus, methyl orange or phenolphthalein, which changes colour when it gains or loses an H⁺ ion.