CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

chemical glass    →   kemijsko staklo

Chemical glass is a special, resilient glass used in production of chemical vessels; it is composed of quartz and boron, barium, zinc and aluminium oxides.

potassium glass    →   kalijevo staklo

Potassium glass is a type of glass produced from potassium silicates and calcium with potassium carbonate. It dissolves harder than regular glass and it is used in production of chemical vessels.

chemical cleaning    →   kemijsko čišćenje

Chemical cleaning is a removal of fatty and other impurities combined with it from fabrics with the help of organic solvents.

chemical engineering    →   kemijsko inženjerstvo

Chemical engineering is the branch of engineering that is concerned with the design, construction and operation of the plants and machinery used in industrial chemical processes.

chemical property    →   kemijsko svojstvo

Chemical property is a property observed when a substance undergoes a transformation into one or more new substances. Measurement of a chemical property involves a chemical change. For example, determining the flammability of petrol involves burning it, producing carbon dioxide and water.

chemical weapons    →   kemijsko oružje

The Chemical Weapons Convention, article 2, paragraph 1 defines chemical weapons thus:

Chemical weapons means the following, together or separately:

(a) Toxic chemicals and their precursors, except where intended for purposes not prohibited under this Convention, as long as the types and quantities are consistent with such purposes;

(b) Munitions and devices, specifically designed to cause death or other harm through the toxic properties of those toxic chemicals specified in subparagraph (a), which would be released as a result of the employment of such munitions and devices;

(c) Any equipment specifically designed for use directly in connection with the employment of munitions and devices specified in subparagraph (b).

glass    →   staklo

Glass is a brittle transparent solid with the molecular structure of a liquid. It is made by fusing together sand (SiO₂), soda (Na₂CO₃), and lime (CaCO₃) with small quantities other compounds. It is used for window panes and mirrors, for articles of table and culinary use, for lenses, and various articles of ornament.

plexiglas    →   pleksi-staklo

Plexiglas is a hard, highly resistant, transparent, and almost unbreakable glass made from polyakryl resins. It is used for making windows for cars, planes etc.

metallic glass    →   metalno staklo

Certain alloys can solidify by extremely rapid cooling out of melt without formation of a crystal lattice, that is in the amorphous form - such, amorphous alloys are so called metallic glasses. The alloy of zirconium, beryllium, titanium, copper, and nickel is one of the first metallic glasses that can be made in bulk and formed into strong, hard, useful objects.

Unlike pure metals and most metal alloys, metallic glasses have no regular crystalline structure. This lack of long range order or microstructure is related to such desirable features as strength and low damping which is one reason why the premier use for zirconium-based metallic glass is in the manufacture of expensive golf club heads. Metallic glasses can be quite strong yet highly elastic, and they can also be quite tough (resistant to fracture). Even more interesting are the thermal properties; for instance, just like an oxide glass, there is a temperature (called the glass transition temperature) above which a metallic glass becomes quite soft and flows easily. This means that there are lots of opportunities for easily forming metallic glasses into complex shapes.

chemical balance    →   kemijska ravnoteža

Chemical balance is a degree of reversible reaction in a closed system, when the forward and backward reaction happen at same rates and their effects annul each other, while the concentration of reactants and products stays the same.