CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
inertial reference frames → inercijski referentni sustavi
When two frames of reference are moving relative to each other at constant velocity, they are said to be inertial reference frames. The observers from two such inertial frames measure, in general, different velocities of a moving particle. On the other hand, they measure the same acceleration for the particle. The laws of physics must have the same form in all inertial reference frames (the principle of invariance).
cgs system of units → cgs sustav jedinica
Cgs system of units is a system of units based upon the centimetre, gram, and second. The International System (SI) has supplanted the cgs system.
Gaussian system of units → Gaussov sustav jedinica
Gaussian system of units is a hybrid system used in electromagnetic theory, which combines features of both the electrostatic cgs subsystem (esu) and electromagnetic cgs subsystem (emu). With three base units, it uses em units in magnetism and es units in electrostatics. This involves using the constant c (the velocity of light in vacuum) to interrelate these sets of units.
cubic crystal system → kubični kristalni sustav
Cubic crystal system is also known as the isometric system. The Isometric crystal system characterizes itself by its three equivalent crystallographic axes perpendicular to each other.
a = b = c
α = β = γ = 90°
crystal system → kristalni sustav
Crystal system is a method of classifying crystalline substances on the basis of their unit cell. There are seven unique crystal systems. The simplest and most symmetric, the cubic (or isometric) system, has the symmetry of a cube. The other six systems, in order of decreasing symmetry, are hexagonal, tetragonal, rhombohedral (also known as trigonal), orthorhombic, monoclinic and triclinic.
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Crystal system
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Unit-cell
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Conditions on unit-cell edges and angles |
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cubic |
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a=b=c α=β=γ=90° |
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hexagonal |
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a≠c α=γ=90° β=120° |
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tetragonal |
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a=b≠c α=β=γ=90° |
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rhombohedral |
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a=b=c α=β=γ≠90° |
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orthorhombic |
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a≠b≠c α=β=γ=90° |
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monoclinic |
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a≠b≠c α=γ=90°≠β |
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triclinic |
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a≠b≠c α≠β≠γ≠90° |
open system → otvoreni sustav
Open system is a system which can exchange matter and energy with the environment.
groups in periodic system of elements → skupine periodnog sustava
Periodic system of elements is divided into 18 groups of chemical elements. Elements belonging to the same group have a same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties. Elements of main groups are in 1., 2., and in groups 13. to 18. Different groups of elements can be named according to the first element in the group (elements of boron group, elements of carbon group), or they have some special names (noble gases, halogenic elements, halyde elements, earthalkali and alkali metals).
system → sustav
System is the region under consideration, as distinguished from the rest of the universe (the environment). Systems may be separated from environments by boundaries that prevent the transfer of mass (a closed system), of heat (an adiabatic system), or of any energy (an isolated system). Systems that exchange mass with the environment are open systems.
systematic error → sustavna pogreška
Systematic errors have an identifiable cause and affect the accuracy of results.
hexagonal crystal system → heksagonski kristalni sustav
Hexagonal crystal system is based on four crystallographic axes. The system of crystallographic axes of the hexagonal crystal system consists of three equivalent horizontal (equatorial) axes of which the positive ends make an angle of 120°. These axes are sometimes denoted as a, b and d axes. The fourth axis is (c) is perpendicular to and shorter or longer than the other three.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Inercijski referentni sustavi." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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