CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

explosion    →   eksplozija

Explosion is a rapid violent chemical reaction that produces large amounts of gas and heat, accompanied by light, sound and a high-pressure shock wave.

Bunsen, Robert Wilhem    →   Bunsen, Robert Wilhem

Robert Wilhem Bunsen (1811-1899) is a German chemist who held professorships at Kassel, Marburg and Heidelberg. His early researches on organometallic compound of arsenic cost him an eye in an explosion. Bunsen's most important work was in developing several techniques used in separating, identifying, and measuring various chemical substances. He also improvement chemical battery for use in isolating quantities of pure metals - Bunsen battery.

The essential piece of laboratory equipment that has immortalized the name of Bunsen was not invented by him. Bunsen improved the burner's design, which had been invented by Faraday, to aid his endeavors in spectroscopy. Use of the Bunsen burner in conjunction with a glass prism led to the development of the spectroscope in collaboration with the German physicist Gustav Kirchoff and to the spectroscopic discovery of the elements rubidium (1860) and cesium (1861).

einsteinium    →   einsteinij

Einsteinium was discovered by Albert Ghiorso (USA) in 1952. Named in honour of Albert Einstein (1879-1955). It is synthetic radioactive metal. Einsteinium was made by bombarding uranium with neutrons.

explosive    →   eksploziv

Explosive is a compound or mixture that, when ignited or detonated, undergoes rapid violent chemical reaction that produces large amount of gas and heat, accompanied by light, sound and a high pressure shock wave.

fermium    →   fermij

Fermium was discovered by Albert Ghiorso (USA) in 1953. Named in honour of Enrico Fermi. It is synthetic radioactive metal. Fermium was produced by bombarding lighter transuranium elements with still lighter particles or by neutron capture.

lower flammable limit    →   donja granica zapaljivosti

Lower flammable limit (LEL) or the lower explosive limit is the minimum concentration of vapour or gas in air above which propagation of flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition. The mixture is said to be too lean.

upper flammable limit    →   gornja granica zapaljivosti

Upper flammable limit (UEL) or the upper explosive limit is the maximum concentration of vapour or gas in air below which propagation of flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition. The mixture is said to be too rich.

flammable limit    →   granica zapaljivosti

Flammable limits refer to the conditions under which a mixture of a flammable material and air may catch fire or explode. When vapour s of a flammable or combustible liquid are mixed with air in the proper proportions in the presence of a source of ignition, rapid combustion or an explosion can occur. The proper proportion is called the flammable range and is also often referred to as the explosive range. The flammable range includes all concentrations of flammable vapour or gas in air, in which a flash will occur or a flame will travel if the mixture is ignited.

The lower flammable limit (LEL) or the lower explosive limit is the lowest concentration of a flammable vapour or gas in air that will propagate a flame from an ignition source. The upper flammable limit (UEL) or the upper explosive limit is the highest concentration of a flammable vapour or gas in air that will propagate a flame from an ignition source. Any concentration between these limits can ignite or explode.