CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

centi    →   centi

Centi is a prefix used in the SI system meaning one hundredth of. For example 1 cm means one hundredth of a meter; 2.3 cg could also be written 2.3×10^-2 g or 0.023 g.

centrifugal force    →   centrifugalna sila

Centrifugal force is a force which moves a body away from the centre of motion.

centripetal force    →   centripetalna sila

Centripetal force is a force which makes body move through a curvature. Its orientation is always in path forwards the centre of rotation.

base-centered monoclinic lattice    →   bazno centrirana monoklinska rešetka

Base-centered or side-centered or end-centered monoclinic lattice (monoclinic-C), like all lattices, has lattice points at the eight corners of the unit cell plus additional points at the centers of two parallel sides of the unit cell. It has unit cell vectors a≠b≠c, and interaxial angles α=γ=90°≠β.

base-centered orthorhombic lattice    →   bazno centrirana ortorompska rešetka

Base-centered or side-centered or end-centered monoclinic lattice (orthorhombic-C), like all lattices, has lattice points at the eight corners of the unit cell plus additional points at the centers of two parallel sides of the unit cell. It has unit cell vectors a≠b≠c and interaxial angles α=β=γ=90°.

body-centered cubic lattice    →   prostorno centrirana kubična rešetka

Body-centered cubic lattice (bcc or cubic-I), like all lattices, has lattice points at the eight corners of the unit cell plus an additional points at the center of the cell. It has unit cell vectors a = b = c and interaxial angles α=β=γ=90°.

The simplest crystal structures are those in which there is only a single atom at each lattice point. In the bcc structures the spheres fill 68 % of the volume. The number of atoms in a unit cell is two (8 × 1/8 + 1 = 2). There are 23 metals that have the bcc lattice.

body-centered orthorhombic lattice    →   prostorno centrirana ortorompska rešetka

Body-centered orthorhombic lattice (orthorhombic-I), like all lattices, has lattice points at the eight corners of the unit cell plus an additional points at the center of the cell. It has unit cell vectors a≠b≠c and interaxial angles α=β=γ=90°.

body-centered tetragonal lattice    →   prostorno centrirana tetragonska rešetka

Body-centered tetragonal lattice (tetragonal-I), like all lattices, has lattice points at the eight corners of the unit cell plus an additional points at the center of the cell. It has unit cell vectors a=b≠c and interaxial angles α=β=γ=90°.

centrifugation    →   centrifugiranje

Centrifugation is sedimentation of particles under the influence of the centrifugal force and it is used for separation of superfine suspensions. At centrifuging forces up to 10 000 times greater than gravity force are used, and at ultracentrifuge up to 600 000 times as great.

centrifuge    →   centrifuga

Centrifuge is a device in which solid or liquid particles of different densities are separated by rotating them in a tube in a horizontal circle. The dense particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particles to the other end.