CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

Celsius    →   Celzijev stupanj

Celsius (°C) is a common but non-SI unit of temperature, defined by assigning temperatures of 0 °C and 100 °C to the freezing and boiling points of water, respectively.

degree    →   stupanj

1. Degree is a unit of temperature on a specified scale. The temperatures of boiling and freezing water are: in the Fahrenheit system 212 and 32 degrees; in the Celsius system 100 and 0 (zero) degrees.

2. Degree is a unit of angular measure. A circle is divided into 360 degrees, represented by the symbol °. Degrees are each divided into 60 minutes. Each minute has 60 seconds. Symbols for degree, minute, and second for plane angle is placed after the numerical value and a no space between the numerical value and the unit symbol (α = 2°3'4").

3. In algebra, the degree of a polynomial is the highest power of the variable in the polynomial. For example, 4x³ + 3x² + x + 7 have degree 3.

degree of polymerisation    →   stupanj polimerizacije

Degree of polymerisation is the number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or an oligomer molecule.

oxidation degree    →   stupanj oksidacije

See oxidation numbers

Celsius temperature scale    →   Celsiusova temperaturna skala

For value of zero in Celsius temperature scale the freezing point of water at a pressure of 101 325 Pa is taken. The boiling point of water at a pressure of 101 325 Pa is taken as another reference point. This range is divided into 100 equal parts, and each part is an equivalent to 1 °C. Units of Celsius temperature scale (°C) and thermodynamic temperature scale (K) are identical

1 °C = 1 K.

specific heat    →   specifični toplinski kapacitet

Specific heat is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius.

absolute temperature    →   apsolutna temperatura

Absolute temperature denoting a temperature measured on the absolute scale, a scale of temperature based on absolute zero as the lowest temperature.

chemical balance    →   kemijska ravnoteža

Chemical balance is a degree of reversible reaction in a closed system, when the forward and backward reaction happen at same rates and their effects annul each other, while the concentration of reactants and products stays the same.

heat of hydration    →   toplina hidratacije

Heat of hydration or enthalpy of hydration of ions corresponds to the heat that is released by hydration of one mole of ions at a constant pressure. The more the ion is hydrated, the more heat is released. Degree of hydration depends on the size and charge of ion. The smaller the ion and the greater its charge, it will be the more hydrated.

high-density polyethylene    →   polietilen visoke gustoće

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is a thermoplastic polyolefin with a density of from 0.941 g/cm³ to 0.960 g/cm³. It is a recyclable plastic, used for items such as milk containers, detergent containers, and base cups of plastic soft drink bottles. HDPE has a high degree of resistance to chemicals, is easy to keep clean, and easily welded.