CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

Bronsted base    →   Bronstedova baza

Brønsted base is a material that accepts hydrogen ions in a chemical reaction.

base    →   baza

Historically, base is a substance that yields an OH - ion when it dissociates in solution, resulting in a pH>7. In the Brønsted definition, a base is a substance capable of accepting a proton in any type of reaction. The more general definition, due to G.N. Lewis, classifies any chemical species capable of donating an electron pair as a base. Typically, bases are metal oxides, hydroxides, or compounds (such as ammonia) that give hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.

conjugated base    →   konjugirana baza

Conjugated base is a particle which is left after a molecule of acid releases a proton.

Lewis base    →   Lewisova baza

Lewis base is an agent capable of donating a pair of electrons to form a coordinate bond.

Schiff base    →   Schiffova baza

Schiff base is a class of compounds derived by the chemical reaction (condensation) of aldehydes or ketones with aromatic amines, for example

They were named after the German chemist Hugo Schiff (1834-1915).

weak base    →   slaba baza

Weak base is a base that only partially dissociates into ions in solution. Weak bases are weak electrolytes. Ammonia is an example of a weak base

Bronsted acid    →   Bronstedova kiselina

Brøsted acid is a material that gives up hydrogen ions in a chemical reaction.

acid-base indicator    →   kiselo-bazni indikator

Acid-base indicator is a weak acid or weak base, such as litmus, methyl orange or phenolphthalein, which changes colour when it gains or loses an H⁺ ion.

acid-base titration    →   kiselo-bazna titracija

Acid-base titration is an analytical technique in volumetric analysis, where an acid of known concentration is used to neutralise a known volume of a base, and the observed volume of the acid required is used to determine the unknown concentration of the base. An acid-base indicator is used to determine the end-point of the titration.

basic Bessemer process    →   bazni Bessemerov proces

Basic Bessemer process is the process of steelmaking in a way that steel, melted iron and limestone are put in the blast-furnace after which the metal oxygen is released in gushes in order to oxidise the impurities.