CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
surface tension → površinska napetost
Surface tension (σ) is a property of liquids arising from unbalanced molecular cohesive forces at or near the surface, as a result of which the surface tends to contract and has properties resembling those of a stretched elastic membrane. As a result of which the surface tends to contract and has properties resembling those of a stretched elastic membrane.
surfactant → površinski aktivna tvar
Surfactants are substances which diminish the surface tension of liquids.
Knudsen’s pipette → Knudsenova pipeta
Kudsen's automatic pipette, developed by the Danish physicist Martin Knudsen (1871-1949), allows quick and accurate transfer of a constant volume of liquid (sea water), usually around 15 mL. On the top of pipette is a double sided C vent that can establish flow between the body of the pipette and one of the branches (A or B), or isolate the body of the pipette from both of the branches. Sucking through the B branch the pipette is filled with liquid, it is closed with a twist of the C valve and the liquid is released by rotating the valve towards the A branch (so atmospheric air can enter the pipette). Emptying the pipette takes around 30 seconds. Before it's first use, the pipette must be calibrated with distilled water.
krypton → kripton
Krypton was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers (England) in 1898. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word kryptos meaning hidden. It is colourless, odourless rare noble gas. Reacts only with fluorine. Krypton is obtained from production of liquid air. Used in lighting products. Some is used as inert filler-gas in incandescent bulbs. Some is mixed with argon in fluorescent lamps. The most important use is in flashing stroboscopic lamps that outline airport runways.
law of conservation of mass → zakon o očuvanju mase
Law of conservation of mass states that no detectable gain or loss in mass occurs in chemical reactions. The state of a substance may change in a chemical reaction, for example, from a solid to a gas, but its total mass will not change. Note that the energy released (exothermic) or adsorbed (endothermic) in a chemical reaction is a result of energy transfer between atoms and their environment.
lead → olovo
Lead has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word plumbum meaning liquid silver. It is very soft, highly malleable and ductile, blue-white shiny metal. Tarnishes in moist air; stable in oxygen and water. Dissolves in nitric acid. Compounds toxic by inhalation or ingestion. Danger of cumulative effects. Lead is found most often in ores called galena or lead sulfide (PbS). Used in solder, shielding against radiation and in batteries.
vapour pressure → tlak pare
Vapour pressure is the pressure of a gas in equilibrium with a liquid (or, in some usage, a solid) at a specified temperature.
viscosity → viskozitet
Viscosity. (η) (coefficient of viscosity) is the resistance a liquid exhibits to flow. Experimentally, the frictional force between two liquid layers moving past each other is proportional to the area of the layers and the difference in flow speed between them.
white spirit → bijeli špirit
White spirit (mineral spirits, petroleum spirits) is a paraffin-derived clear, transparent liquid which is a common organic solvent used in painting and decorating.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Tekuće agregatno stanje." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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