CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

calomel electrode    →   kalomel elektroda

Calomel electrode is a type of half cell in which the electrode is mercury coated with calomel (Hg₂Cl₂) and the electrolyte is a solution of potassium chloride and saturated calomel. In the calomel half cell the overall reaction is

Table: Dependence of potential of calomel electrode upon temperature and concentration of KCl according to standard hydrogen electrode

calorimeter    →   kalorimetar

Calorimeter is an instrument used to measure the energy absorbed or released in a chemical reaction. It also used in determining specific heat.

computational chemistry    →   kompjutacijska kemija

Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry concerned with the prediction or simulation of chemical properties, structures, or processes using numerical techniques.

concentration of ore    →   koncentriranje ruda

Concentration of ores is important industrial processes and is the first steps to the extraction of the metals. Normally, the ore is concentrated by separating it from the clay body in which it occurs either by gravity, sedimentation, or by a floatation process, before the extraction of the metal from the ore is started.

conduction    →   kondukcija

This process occurs most significantly in solids. The atoms or molecules in a solid state do not leave their mean positions, but continue to vibrate about their mean positions. They transfer heat energy from one atom to another. This happens because of the coupling between them due to mutually attractive forces.

conductometry    →   konduktometrija

Conductometry is a volumetric analytic method in which the end of titration (equivalent point) is defined by an electric conductivity appliance.

candela    →   kandela

Candela (cd) is the SI base unit of luminous intensity.

The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540×10¹² Hz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian.

capacitor    →   kondenzator

Capacitor is a device that stores electric charges. The symbol for a capacitor in electric circuit schemes is —| |—.

carat    →   karat

Carat (ct.) is a metric unit of mass for the weighing of precious metals, precious stone and gems (e.g. diamond, ruby, sapphire).

Carat (ct, Kt) corresponds to the mass fraction of gold in precious alloys used in jewellery.

1 ct = 0.4167 %

24 ct = 100 %

24 carat gold is pure gold, 18 carat is 75 % gold and 25 % of some other metal such as silver or copper.

carbon    →   ugljik

Carbon has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word carbo meaning charcoal. Graphite form of carbon is a black, odourless, slippery solid. Graphite sublimes at 3825 °C. Diamond form is a clear or colored; an extremely hard solid. C60 is Buckminsterfullerine. Carbon black burns readily with oxidants. Carbon is made by burning organic compounds with insufficient oxygen. There are close to ten million known carbon compounds, many thousands of which are vital to organic and life processes. Radiocarbon dating uses the carbon-14 isotope to date old objects.