CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
butane → butan
Butane is a gaseous hydrocarbon C4H10 obtained from petroleum (refinery gas or by cracking higher hydrocarbons). The fourth member of the alkane series, it has a straight chain of carbon atoms and is isomeric with 2-methylpropane, formerly called isobutene. It can easily be liquefied under pressure and is supplied into cylinders for use as a fuel gas. It is also a raw material for making buta-1, 3-diene for synthetic rubber.
calcification → kalcifikacija
Calcification is a process of deposition of calcium salts in body tissues.
calcination → kalciniranje
Calcination is a process of driving out crystal water from crystal salts by heating.
Californian soup → kalifornijska juha
Californian soup is a fungicide and insecticide chemical used for protection of plants, manufactured by boiling sulphur with slaked lime.
californium → kalifornij
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street Jr. and Albert Ghiorso (USA) in 1950. Named after the State and University of California, USA. It is synthetic radioactive metal. Powerful neutron emitter. Californium was made by bombarding curium with helium ions.
Balmer series → Balmerova serija
Balmer series, Balmer lines is a series of lines in the emission spectrum of hydrogen that involve transitions to the n=2 state from states with n>2.
barium → barij
Barium was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy (England) in 1808. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word barys meaning heavy. It is soft, slightly malleable, silvery-white metal. Attacked by air and water. Soluble compounds toxic by ingestion. Barium is found in barytine (BaSO4) and witherite (BaCO3), never found in pure form due to its reactivity. Must be stored under kerosene to remain pure. Barite, or barium sulfate (BaSO4), when ground is used as a filter for rubber, plastics and resins. It is insoluble in water and so is used in X-rays of the digestive system. Barium nitrate, Ba(NO3)2, burns brilliant green and is used in fireworks.
barometer → barometar
Barometer is an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure. A mercury barometer is a closed tube filled with mercury inverted in a mercury reservoir. The height of the mercury column indicates atmospheric pressure (with 1 atm = 760 mm of mercury). An aneroid barometer consists of an evacuated container with a flexible wall. When atmospheric pressure changes, the wall flexes and moves a pointer which indicates the changing pressure on a scale.
base → baza
Historically, base is a substance that yields an OH - ion when it dissociates in solution, resulting in a pH>7. In the Brønsted definition, a base is a substance capable of accepting a proton in any type of reaction. The more general definition, due to G.N. Lewis, classifies any chemical species capable of donating an electron pair as a base. Typically, bases are metal oxides, hydroxides, or compounds (such as ammonia) that give hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
calorific value → kalorična vrijednost
Calorific value is the heat produced by a given weight of fuel on the completion of combustion; it is measured in kilojoules per kilogram (kJ/kg).
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "S.t.p.." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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