CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

litre    →   litra

Litre (l, L) (AE liter) is a synonym for cubic decimetre (L = dm³). The alternative symbol for the liter, L, was adopted by the CGPM in 1979 in order to avoid the risk of confusion between the letter l and the number 1.

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lumen    →   lumen

Lumen (lm) is the SI derived unit of luminous flux. The lumen is the luminous flux emitted in a solid angle of one steradian by a point source having a uniform intensity of one candela (1 lm =1 cd·sr).

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luminous flux    →   svjetlosni tok

Luminous flux (Φ) is the intensity of light from a source multiplied by the solid angle. The SI unit is lumen.

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monochromator    →   monokromator

Monochromator (from the Greek words mono and chroma meaning single and colour) is an optical device based on dispersion of light by one or more prisms or diffraction gratings into its constituent wavelengths, which are utilized in turn.

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crystal system    →   kristalni sustav

Crystal system is a method of classifying crystalline substances on the basis of their unit cell. There are seven unique crystal systems. The simplest and most symmetric, the cubic (or isometric) system, has the symmetry of a cube. The other six systems, in order of decreasing symmetry, are hexagonal, tetragonal, rhombohedral (also known as trigonal), orthorhombic, monoclinic and triclinic.

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quasicrystal    →   kvazikristal

Quasicrystal is a solid having conventional crystalline properties but whose lattice does not display translational periodicity.

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volume    →   volumen

Volume is a space taken by a certain mass of some matter. SI unit for volume is a cubic meter (m³). Changes of temperature or pressure can change volume.

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white light    →   bijela svjetlost

White light is a mixture of lights of all colours. If white light is passed through a glass prism or an optical lattice, it is separated into several colours (the visible light spectrum).

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Curie temperature    →   Curiejeva temperatura

For a ferromagnetic material, Curie temperature or Curie point (T_C) is the critical temperature above which the material becomes paramagnetic. For iron the Curie point is 760 °C and for nickel 356 °C. It was named after the French physicist Pierre Curie (1859-1906).

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diatomaceous earth    →   dijatomejska zemlja

Diatomaceous earth is a naturally occurring siliceous sedimentary mineral compound from microscopic skeletal remains (frustules) of diatoms, unicellular aquatic plants of microscopic size. Their fossilized remains are called diatomite and contains approximately 3000 diatom frustules per cubic millimetre.

Diatomite is relatively inert and has a high absorptive capacity, large surface area, and low bulk density. It consists of approximately 90 % silica, and the remainder consists of compounds such as aluminum and iron oxides. The fine pores in the diatom frustules make diatomite an excellent filtering material for waters, beverages, oils, chemicals, as well as many other products.

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