CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

ampholyte    →   amfolit

Ampholyte is a substance than can act as either an acid, in the presence of a strong base, or a base, when in the presence of a strong acid.

amphoteric    →   amfoternost

Amphoteric is capable of acting either as an acid or base.

antifreeze    →   antifriz

Antifreeze is a substance added to the liquid (usually water) in the cooling systems of internal-combustion engines to lower its freezing point so that it does not solidify at sub-zero temperatures. The commonest antifreeze is ethane- 1.2-diol (ethylene glycol).

air stripping    →   zračni striping

Air stripping is a process for the removal of volatile organic contaminants from groundwater. The groundwater flows downward inside a tower filled with materials (the packing) over a large surface area. Air is introduced at the bottom of the tower and is forced upward past the falling water. The volatiles evaporate from the water and are collected in air filters or released to the atmosphere.

alkali metal    →   alkalijski metal

Alkali metal is a term that refers to six elements: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These elements make up group 1 of the periodic table of elements. They all form singly charged positive ions, and are extremely reactive. They react violently with water, forming hydroxides and releasing hydrogen gas and heat. Caesium and francium are the most reactive and lithium is the least.

ash    →   pepeo

Ash is an inorganic part of some matter or mixture which remains after the organic part has burnt up.

atom marking    →   markiranje atoma

Atom marking is a process of infusing radioactive isotopes in live organism, with the purpose of revealing a way, diffusion, or a role of certain substance.

autoignition temperature    →   temperatura samozapaljenja

Autoignition temperature is the minimum temperature required to initiate or cause self-sustained combustion in any substance in the absence of a spark or flame. This varies with the test method.

auxochrome    →   auksokromna grupa

Auxochrome is a group or substructure in a molecule that influences the intensity of absorption of the molecule.

Avogadro constant    →   Avogadrova konstanta

Avogadro constant (N_A or L) is the number of elementary entities in one mole of a substance.

It has the value (6.022 045±0.000 031)×10²³ mol^-1.