CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

marked matter    →   označena tvar

Marked matter is matter which has a radioisotope inside.

miscible matter    →   mješljiva tvar

Miscible matter is capable of being mixed in any ratio with another matter without separation of two phases.

mutagenic substance    →   mutagena tvar

Mutagenic substances are substances that cause mutation, a change in inheritable properties of an organism.

neutral substance    →   neutralna tvar

Neutral substance is a substance that shows no acid or base properties, has an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions and does not change the colour of litmus-paper.

solute    →   otopljena tvar

Solute is a substance that has been dissolved or could be dissolved in another substance (solvent).

levorotatory    →   lijevokretan

Levorotatory is refers to an optically active substance that rotates the plane of plane polarised light counterclockwise.

polarimetry    →   polarimetrija

Polarimetry measures the overall turning of the flat of polarised light. It is used when analysing optically active substances and compounds.

abundance of substances    →   rasprostranjenost tvari

Abundance of substances is the ratio of the total mass of a specified element in the Earth’s crust to the total mass of the Earth’s crust. It is often expressed as a percentage.

activated charcoal    →   aktivni ugljen

Activated charcoal or activated carbon is charcoal that has been activated for adsorption by steaming or by heating in a vacuum. Charcoal is obtained by burning wood, nutshells, coconut husks or other materials. Charcoal becomes activated by heating it with steam to approximately 1000 °C in the absence of oxygen.

The chemical nature of amorphous carbon, combined with a high surface area makes it an ideal medium for the adsorption of organic chemicals. A single gram of such material can have 400 m² to 1 200 m² square meters of surface area. Activated charcoal is widely used to decolorize liquids, recover solvents, and remove toxins from water and air.

active site    →   aktivno mjesto

Active site is a pocket or crevice on an enzyme molecule that fits reactant molecules like a hand in a glove. The active site lowers the activation energy for reaction