CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
octet rule → pravilo okteta
Octet rule states that the chemical properties of the elements repeat on a regular basis with increasing atomic mass, and that the chemical properties of each eight element are similar. Since the inert gases, with the exception of helium have eight electrons in their outer shells, this stable electronic configuration is called the octet rule. In chemical reactions atoms of elements tend to react in such a way as to achieve the electronic configuration of the inert gas nearest to them in the periodic table. There are a number of exceptions to the octet rule.
thermit welding → termitno zavarivanje
Thermit welding is a group of welding processes in which fusion is produced by heating with superheated liquid metal resulting from a chemical reaction between a metal oxide and aluminium.
thermochemistry → termokemija
Termochemistry is the study of heat absorbed or released during chemical changes.
titrant → titrant
Titrant is the substance that quantitatively reacts with the analyte in a titration. The titrant is usually a standard solution added carefully to the analyte until the reaction is complete. The amount of analyte is calculated from the volume and concentration of titrant required for the complete reaction.
valence shell → valentna ljuska
Valence shell is the shell corresponding to the highest value of principal quantum number in the atom. The valence electrons in this shell are on average farther from the nucleus than other electrons. They are often directly involved in chemical reaction.
polymerization → polimerizacija
Polymerization is a reaction of connecting many monomers in one long molecule whereby polymers are created.
polysaccharide → polisaharid
Polysaccharides are compounds consisting of a large number of simple sugars (monosaccharides) linked together by glycosidic bonds. When polysaccharides are composed of a single monosaccharide building block, they are termed homopolysaccharides. Heteropolysaccharides contain two or more different types of monosaccharide. Polysaccharides may have molecular weights of up to several million and are often highly branched. Since they have only the one free anomeric -OH group at the end of a very long chain, polysaccharides aren’t reducing sugars and don’t show noticeable mutarotation. The most common polysaccharides are cellulose, starch, and glycogen.
weak acid → slaba kiselina
Weak acid is an acid that incompletely dissociated in aqueous solution. Acetic acid is an example of a weak acid
weak base → slaba baza
Weak base is a base that only partially dissociates into ions in solution. Weak bases are weak electrolytes. Ammonia is an example of a weak base
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Lančana reakcija." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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