CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
cathode ray → katodna zraka
Cathode ray is a negatively charged beam that emanates from the cathode of a discharge tube. Cathode rays are streams of electrons.
cathodic protection → katodna zaštita
Cathodic protection is a process in which a structural metal, such as iron, is protected from corrosion by connecting it to a metal that has a more negative reduction half-cell potential, which now corrodes instead of iron. There are two major variations of the cathodic method of corrosion protection. The first is called the impressed current method, and the other is called the sacrificial anode method.
X-ray spectrum → spektar X-zraka
X-ray spectrum is a set of characteristic X-ray frequencies or wavelengths produced by a substance used as a target in an X-ray tube. Each element has a characteristic X-ray spectrum, and there is a strong correlation between atomic number and the frequencies of certain lines in the X-ray spectrum.
alpha rays → alfa-zrake
Alpha rays are a stream of alpha particles. Alpha rays rapidly dissipate their energy as they pass through materials. They were discovered by the British physicist Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937), a New Zealander by birth, in 1903.
cosmic rays → kozmičke zrake
Cosmic rays are high energy (1015 eV- 1017 eV) nuclear particles, electrons, and photons, originating mostly outside the solar system, which continually bombard the Earth’s atmosphere.
X-rays → X-zrake
X-rays are electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength than ultraviolet radiation (10-11 m to 10-9 m or 0.01 nm to 1 nm) produced by bombardment of atoms by high-quantum-energy particles. X-rays can pass through many forms of matter and they are therefore used medically and industrially to examine the internal structure.
thermionic emission → termionska emisija
Thermionic emission is the boiling off of electrons from heated metals. It gives a source of electrons for cathode ray tubes.
dysprosium → disprozij
Dysprosium was discovered by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (France) in 1886. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word dysprositos meaning hard to obtain. It is soft, lustrous, silvery metal. Reacts with oxygen. Reacts rapidly with water; dissolves in acids. Metal ignites and burns readily. Reductant. Dysprosium usually found with erbium, holmium and other rare earths in some minerals such as monazite sand. Dysprosium uses are limited to the experimental and esoteric. Some isotopes of dysprosium are effective absorbers of thermal neutrons and are being considered for use in the control rods in nuclear reactors.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Katodna zraka." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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