CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

diastereoisomer    →   dijastereoizomer

Diastereoisomers (diastereomers) are stereoisomers of a compound having two or more chiral centers that are not a mirror image of another stereoisomer of the same compound. For example, in the structure below, 1 and 2 are enantiomers and so are 3 and 4; 1 and 3 are diastereoisomers, as are 2 and 4. Unlike enantiomers, diastereoisomers need not have closely similar physical and chemical properties

activated charcoal    →   aktivni ugljen

Activated charcoal or activated carbon is charcoal that has been activated for adsorption by steaming or by heating in a vacuum. Charcoal is obtained by burning wood, nutshells, coconut husks or other materials. Charcoal becomes activated by heating it with steam to approximately 1000 °C in the absence of oxygen.

The chemical nature of amorphous carbon, combined with a high surface area makes it an ideal medium for the adsorption of organic chemicals. A single gram of such material can have 400 m² to 1 200 m² square meters of surface area. Activated charcoal is widely used to decolorize liquids, recover solvents, and remove toxins from water and air.

miliequivalent    →   miliekvivalent

Miliequivalent (meq) is 1/1000 of an equivalent.

solution composition    →   sastav otopine

Solutions are homogenous mixtures of several components. The component which is found in a greater quantity is called the solvent and the other components are called solutes. Quantitative composition of a solution can be expressed by concentration (amount, mass, volume and number), by fraction (amount, mass, and volume), ratio (amount, mass, and volume) and by molality. Amount, mass, and volume ratio are numerical, nondimensional units and are frequently expressed as percentage (% = 1/100), promile (‰ = 1/1000) or parts per million (ppm = 1/1 000 000). If it is not defined, it is always related to the mass ratio.

titar    →   titar

Titar (T) is a mass of titrated matter which is equivalent to 1 cm³ of solution. It is shown as T = 2.356 mg HCl / 1.0 cm³ NaOH, 0.1000 moldm^-3, and it is usually shown in a table form. If the concentration of used standard solution (c) differs from one outlined in the table data (c₀), the factor of correction (f) is induced

Titar is usually used in industrial operational laboratories where from titar tables mass or percentage of the ingredient in question is directly read.

tonne    →   tona

Tonne (t) is an alternative name for megagram (1000 kg).