CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

relative mistake    →   relativna pogreška

Relative mistake is a relation between absolute mistake (O-μ) and the real value (μ). It is expressed in percentage (%).

absolute    →   apsolutno

Absolute is not dependent on or relative to anything else, e.g. absolute zero.

absolute error    →   apsolutna pogreška

Absolute error is a difference between the obtained value (O) and the real value (μ). It is shown in employed for measuring (g, cm³, ...). For example, if three replicate weights for an object are 1.00 g, 1.05 g, and 0.95 g, the absolute error can be expressed as ±0.05 g. Absolute error is also used to express inaccuracies; for example, if the "true value" is 1.11 g and the measured value is 1.00 g, the absolute error could be written as 1.00 g - 1.11 g = -0.11 g. Note that when absolute errors are associated with indeterminate errors, they are preceded by "±"; when they are associated with determinate errors, they are preceded by their sign.

absolute temperature    →   apsolutna temperatura

Absolute temperature denoting a temperature measured on the absolute scale, a scale of temperature based on absolute zero as the lowest temperature.

absolute volume    →   apsolutni volumen

Absolute volume is the total volume of the particles in a granular material, including both permeable and impermeable voids but excluding spaces between particles.

absolute zero    →   apsolutna nula temperature

Absolute zero is theoretically, the lowest attainable temperature. It is the energy at which the kinetic energy of atom and molecules is minimal and is equivalent to -273.15 °C.

blank determination    →   slijepa proba

Blank determination is a procedure of determining which follows all steps of analysis but in the absence of a sample. It is used for detection and compensation of systematic analysis mistakes.

gravimetry    →   gravimetrija

Gravimetry is the quantitative measurement of an analyte by weighing a pure, solid form of the analyte. Since gravimetric analysis is an absolute measurement, it is the principal method for analysing and preparing primary standards.

A typical experimental procedure to determine an unknown concentration of an analyte in a solution is as follows:

- quantitatively precipitate the analyte from the solution

- collect the precipitate by filtering and wash it to remove impurities

- dry the solid in an oven to remove the solvent

- weigh the solid on an analytical balance

- calculate the analyte concentration in the original solution based on the weight of the precipitate.

lattice energy    →   energija kristalne rešetke

Lattice energy is the energy per ion pair required to separate completely the ions in a crystal lattice at a temperature of absolute zero.

magnetic permeability    →   magnetska permeabilnost

Magnetic permeability (μ), also called permeability, is a constant of proportionality that exists between magnetic induction and magnetic field intensity. This constant is equal to approximately μ_o = 1.257×10^-6 H/m in a vacuum.

Magnetic permeability is often expressed in relative, rather than in absolute, terms. If μ represents the permeability of the substance in question, then the relative permeability, μ_r, is given by: