CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

crystallisation    →   kristalizacija

Crystallisation is process in which the melted substance from a saturated solution turns into solid substance (crystal).

detection limits    →   granica detekcije

Detection limits is the smallest quantity of analyte which it is possible to determine by means of a given technique or procedure.

drug    →   droga

Drug as a term is used for compounds that can cause addiction with an emphasis on narcotics. It is a biologically active compound or mixture used to cure, prevent, or detect disease, to control biological processes, or to alter the mental state.

dynamic equilibrium    →   dinamička ravnoteža

Dynamic equilibrium is established when two opposing processes are occurring at precisely the same rate, so that there is no apparent change in the system over long periods of time.

chain reaction    →   lančana reakcija

Chain reaction is a reaction done in three steps: initiation in which usually radicals are made which react with other molecules in stage of propagation and, when all reactants are spent, it ends by termination when all available radicals are completely spent.

Nuclear chain reaction refers to a process in which neutrons released in fission produce an additional fission in at least one further nucleus. Nuclear power plants operate by precisely controlling the rate at which nuclear reactions occur. On the other hand, nuclear weapons are specifically engineered to produce a reaction that is so fast and intense it cannot be controlled after it has started.

chemical change    →   kemijska promjena

Chemical change is a process which results in the production of one or more new materials. The system within which the process takes place is called a chemical system. A chemical change is also known as a chemical reaction, where one substance is converted into one or more different substances. When sodium and chlorine react to produce sodium chloride, a chemical reaction has taken place.

clay triangle    →   trokut za žarenje

Clay triangle is a piece of laboratory equipment used in the process of heating substances by a Bunsen burner (e.g. to support a crucible when it’s being heated).

colloid mill    →   koloidni mlin

Colloid mills are machines used to grind aggregates into very fine particles or to apply very high shearing within a fluid to produce colloid suspensions or emulsions in which the particle sizes are less than 1 micrometer. One type of colloid mill is called a disc mill, in which a mixture of a solid and liquid (or two liquids) is passed between two discs a small distance apart, which rotate very rapidly relative to each other. Applications of colloid mills occur in food processing, in paint manufacture, and in the pharmaceutical industry.

elution    →   eluacija

Elution is the process of removing an adsorbed material (adsorbate) from an adsorbent with a liquid (eluent). The solution consisting of the adsorbate dissolved in the eluent is the eluate. Elution is the process used to wash components of a mixture through a chromatography column.

erosion    →   erozija

Erosion is a process by which the surface of the earth is constantly being worn away by wind action, fluvial processes, marine processes, and glacial processes.