CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
molecular lattice → molekularna rešetka
Molecular lattice is a crystal lattice made molecules bonded together by intermolecular forces.
polar solvent → polarno otapalo
Polar solvent is a liquid with polar molecules which dissolves polar compounds, because the charges on the endings of the solvent’s molecules attract the elements from ion crystals.
polariser → polarizator
Polariser is frequently a specially made prism from crystal of Iceland Spar (form of calcium carbonate), also known as Nicol’s prism. It can also be a small plate of tourmaline.
Curie → Curie
Maria Sklodowska-Curie (1867-1934) Polish-born French chemist who went to Paris in 1891. She married the physicist Pierre Curie (1859-1906) in 1985 and soon began work on seeking radioactive elements other than uranium in pitchblende (to account for its unexpectedly high radioactivity). By 1898 she had discovered radium and polonium although it took her years to purify them. In 1903 the Curies shared the Nobel Prize for physics with Henri Becquerel, who had discovered radioactivity.
Curie temperature → Curiejeva temperatura
For a ferromagnetic material, Curie temperature or Curie point (TC) is the critical temperature above which the material becomes paramagnetic. For iron the Curie point is 760 °C and for nickel 356 °C. It was named after the French physicist Pierre Curie (1859-1906).
diamond → dijamant
Diamond is the hardest known mineral (with a hardness of 10 on Mohs’ scale). It is an allotropic form of pure carbon that has crystallised in the cubic system, usually as octahedral or cubes, under great pressure. Diamond crystals my be colourless and transparent or yellow, brown or black. They are highly prized as gemstones, but also have extensive uses in industry, mainly for cutting and grinding tools. Diamonds occur in ancient volcanic pipes of kimberlite, or in river deposits that have been derived from weathered kimberlite. Industrial diamonds are being increasingly synthetically produced.
polymorphic transition → polimorfni prijelaz
Polymorphic transition is a reversible transition of a solid crystalline phase at a certain temperature and pressure to another phase of the same chemical composition with a different crystal structure. For examples, the transitions of quartz (SiO2) at 1 143 K to tridymite, and at 1 743 K to cristobalite.
purification → pročišćavanje
Purification is the physical or chemical process of removing contaminants from a compound. The physical processes may include sublimation, distillation, filtration, crystallisation, or extraction. The chemical processes may involve formation of a derivative, purification of the derivative and recovery of the original material in a pure form of the derivative.
quasicrystal → kvazikristal
Quasicrystal is a solid having conventional crystalline properties but whose lattice does not display translational periodicity.
recrystallisation → rekristalizacija
Recrystallisation is a formation of a new, strain free grain structure from the existing one in cold worked metal, usually accomplished by heating. The change from one crystal structure to another, as occurs on heating or cooling through a critical temperature.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Savršeni kristal." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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