CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

isotope proportion    →   izotopni omjer

Isotope proportion is a number of atoms of each isotope in a sample of one element. It uses relative masses of isotopes to calculate a relative mass of one element.

lactodensimeter    →   laktodenzimetar

Lactodensimeter is a special aerometer used for determining the density of milk.

LDPE    →   LDPE

LDPE is an abbreviation for low-density polyethylene.

molecular weight    →   molekularna masa

See Relative molecular mass

cracking    →   krekiranje

Cracking is the process whereby heavy molecules of petroleum or crude oil are broken down into hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight (especially in the oil-refining process).

diatomaceous earth    →   dijatomejska zemlja

Diatomaceous earth is a naturally occurring siliceous sedimentary mineral compound from microscopic skeletal remains (frustules) of diatoms, unicellular aquatic plants of microscopic size. Their fossilized remains are called diatomite and contains approximately 3000 diatom frustules per cubic millimetre.

Diatomite is relatively inert and has a high absorptive capacity, large surface area, and low bulk density. It consists of approximately 90 % silica, and the remainder consists of compounds such as aluminum and iron oxides. The fine pores in the diatom frustules make diatomite an excellent filtering material for waters, beverages, oils, chemicals, as well as many other products.

oligomer    →   oligomer

Oligomer is a substance consisting of molecules of intermediate relative molecular mass (molecular weight), the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetitions of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. In contrast to a polymer, the properties of an oligomer can vary significantly with the removal of one or a few of its units.

overpotential    →   prenapon

Overpotential (η) is a potential that must be applied in an electrolytic cell in addition to the theoretical potential required to liberate a given substance at an electrode. The value depends on the electrode material and on the current density.

PE    →   PE

PE is an abbreviation for polyethylene, usually abbreviated as HDPE (High Density Polyethylene), MDPE (Medium Density Polyethylene), and LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene).

protein    →   bjelančevina

Proteins are natural organic compounds of animal or herbal origin, essential in diet. They are natural polymers developed from a crowd of interconnecting monomers of amino acids, with relative molecular masses amounting up to a few million.