CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

Mannich reaction    →   Mannichova reakcija

Mannich reaction is a process in which hydrogen atoms in organic compounds are replaced with a methyl group.

Millon’s reaction    →   Millonova reakcija

Millon’s reaction is used for testing proteins by the appearance of red colour which the proteins give by reacting with a solution of mercury in nitric acid.

exothermic reaction    →   egzotermna reakcija

Exothermic reactions are those in which heat is released and there is a corresponding decrease in temperature (ΔH° < 0).

If the reaction is exothermic in one direction, in the opposite direction the reaction is endothermic.

PCl5 reaction    →   reakcija s PCl5

Reaction with phosphorus pentachloride (PCl₅) is a characteristic of organic compounds containing a hydroxyl group and this reaction is used to identify these compounds in an organic analysis.

stereospecific reaction    →   stereospecifična reakcija

Stereospecific reactions are reactions that proceed predominantly to a single stereoisomeric product out. All metabolic conversions involving chiral molecules are stereospecific.

terminal reaction    →   terminalna reakcija

Terminal reaction is a reaction that ends a cycle or chain of other chemical reactions.

photochemical reaction    →   fotokemijska reakcija

Photochemical reactions are those reactions which are conducted under the influence of light that is under the influence of ultraviolet, visible and infrared part of the light spectrum. Some systems can be influenced only by radiation that is absorbed by that system. Photochemical reactions are for example photosynthesis, creation of photography, generation of phosgene, creation of hydrochloride etc.

zero-order reaction    →   reakcija nultog reda

Zero-order reaction is a reaction for which the rate of reaction is independent of the concentration of reactants.

redox reaction    →   redoks-reakcija

Redox reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction is a reaction in which one or more electrons are transferred. When an atom, ion, or molecule loses one or more electrons, it is oxidised. When an atom, ion, or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is reduced.

average rate of reaction    →   prosječna brzina reakcije

Average rate of reaction is calculated in a way that a total change of reactants and products concentration is divided with time which is needed for reaction to end.