CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

intensive property    →   intenzivno svojstvo

intensive property is a property that does not change when the amount of sample changes. Examples are density, pressure, temperature, colour.

ionic conductor    →   ionski vodič

Ionic conductor is a material that conducts electricity with ions as charge carriers.

isomorphism    →   izomorfija

Isomorphism is the existence of two or more substances that have the same crystal structure, so that they form solid solutions.

Henry’s law    →   Henryjev zakon

Henry’s law was discovered in 1801 by the British chemist William Henry (1775-1836). At a constant temperature the mass of gas dissolved in a liquid at equilibrium is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. It applies only to gases that do not react with the solvent.

where p_i is the partial pressure of component i above the solution, x_i is its mole fraction in the solution, and K_x is the Henry’s law constant (a characteristic of the given gas and solvent, as well as the temperature).

indicator    →   indikator

Indicator is a substance used to show the presence of a chemical substance or ion by its colour. Acid-base indicators are compounds, such as phenolphtaleine and methyl orange, which change colour reversibly, depending on whether the solution is acidic or basic. Oxidation-reduction indicators are substances that show a reversible colour change between oxidised and reduced forms.

lanolin    →   lanolin

Lanolin is a greasy yellow substance obtained from sheep wool. It is used as a dispersing agent in medicine and for cosmetic purposes.

latent heat    →   latentna toplina

Latent heat (L) is the quantity of heat absorbed or released when a substance changes its physical phase at constant temperature (e.g. from solid to liquid at the melting point or from liquid to gas at the boiling point).

law of chemical equilibrium    →   zakon o kemijskoj ravnoteži

Law of chemical equilibrium (also called the law of mass action) states that the rate at which a substance reacts is proportional to its active mass (i.e. to its molar concentration). Thus, the velocity of a chemical reaction is proportional to the product of the concentration of the reactants.

levorotatory    →   lijevokretan

Levorotatory is refers to an optically active substance that rotates the plane of plane polarised light counterclockwise.

Lewis number    →   Lewisova značajka

Lewis number (Le) is a dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by

where a is thermal diffusivity and D is diffusion coefficient.