CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

acid dissociation constant    →   konstanta disocijacije kiseline

Acid dissociation constant (K_a) is the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid HA through the reaction

The quantity pK_a = -log K_a is often used to express the acid dissociation constant.

acid halide    →   kiselinski halogenid

Acid halide is organic compound containing the group -COX where X is a halogen atom.

acid radical    →   kiseli radikal

Acid radical is an anion left after removal of hydrogen atoms from an acid.

acid rain    →   kisela kiša

Acid rain is rainwater that shows acid reaction because of nitrogen and sulphur oxides absorption. It is generated mainly by industrial pollutions.

acid salt    →   kisela sol

Acid salt is a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid with a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal).

acrylic acid    →   akrilna kiselina

Acrylic acid (propenoic acid) is a colourless liquid, smelling like acetic acid. It can be formed by acrolein oxidation. It readily polymerizes and is used in the manufacture of acrylic resins, transparent plastic materials (organic glass).

battery acid    →   baterijska kiselina

Battery acid is a solution of approximately 6 mol L^-1 sulphuric acid used in the lead storage battery

Bronsted acid    →   Bronstedova kiselina

Brøsted acid is a material that gives up hydrogen ions in a chemical reaction.

Bronsted-Lowry’s acid-base theory    →   Bronsted-Lowryeva teorija kiselina i lužina

Brønsted-Lowry’s acid-base theory: Acid is a substance which gives a proton (protondonor) and base is a substance which accepts a proton (protonacceptor).

aspartic acid    →   asparaginska kiselina

Aspartic acid is an electrically charged amino acids with acidic side chains. As a group the charged amino acids are relatively abundant and are generally located on the surface of the protein. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid play important roles as general acids in enzyme active centers, as well as in maintaining the solubility and ionic character of proteins. Aspartic acid (sometimes referred to as asparate depending on pH) is non-essential in mammals, being produced from oxaloacetate by transamination.

• Abbreviations: Asp, D
• IUPAC name: 2-aminobutanedioic acid
• Molecular formula: C₄H₇NO₄
• Molecular weight: 133.10 g/mol