CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

simple orthorhombic lattice    →   jednostavna ortorompska rešetka

Simple or primitive orthorhombic lattice (orthorhombic-P) has one lattice point at the each corner of the unit cell. It has unit cell vectors a≠b≠c and interaxial angles α=β=γ=90°.

simple tetragonal lattice    →   jednostavna tetragonska rešetka

Simple or primitive tetragonal lattice (tetragonal-P) has one lattice point at the each corner of the unit cell. It has unit cell vectors a=b≠c and interaxial angles α=β=γ=90°.

triclinic lattice    →   triklinska rešetka

Triclinic lattice has one lattice point at the each corner of the unit cell. It has unit cell vectors a≠b≠c and interaxial angles α≠β≠γ≠90°.

amperometry    →   amperometrija

Amperometry is determining the concentration of a material in a sample by measuring electric current passing through a cell containing the solution.

electroanalytical chemistry    →   elektroanalitička kemija

Electroanalytical chemistry chemistry is the application of electrochemical cells and electrochemical techniques for chemical analysis. The analyte is dissolved in the electrolyte of the cell, and one can perform either qualitative analysis (determination of the type of constituents present) or quantitative analysis (determination of the amount of a given constituent).

electrode    →   elektroda

Electrode is a conductor that emits or collects electrons in a electrolytic cell

electroorganic reaction    →   elektroorganske reakcije

Electroorganic reaction is an organic reaction produced in an electrolytic cell. Electroorganic reactions are used to synthesise compounds that are difficult to produce by conventional techniques. An example of an electroorganic reaction is Kolbe’s method of synthesising alkanes.

caesium    →   cezij

Caesium was discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (Germany) in 1860. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word caesius meaning sky blue or heavenly blue. It is very soft, light grey, ductile metal. Reacts readily with oxygen. Reacts explosively with water. Caesium is found in pollucite [(Cs₄Al₄Si₉O₂₆)·H₂O] and as trace in lepidolite. Used as a ’getter’ to remove air traces in vacuum and cathode-ray tubes. Also used in producing photoelectric devices and atomic clocks. Since it ionises readily, it is used as an ion rocket motor propellant.

cathode    →   katoda

Cathode is a negative electrode of an electrolytic cell to which positively charged ions (cations) migrate when a current is passed as in electroplating baths.

In a primary or secondary cell (battery or accumulator) the cathode is the electrode that spontaneously becomes negative during discharge, and form which therefore electrons emerge.

In vacuum electronic devices electrons are emitted by the cathode and flow to the anode.

galvanostat    →   galvanostat

Galvanostat is an electronic instrument that controls the current through an electrochemical cell at a preset value, as long as the needed cell voltage and current do not exceed the compliance limits of the galvanostat.