CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
polar solvent → polarno otapalo
Polar solvent is a liquid with polar molecules which dissolves polar compounds, because the charges on the endings of the solvent’s molecules attract the elements from ion crystals.
polycondensational polymer → polikondenzacijski polimer
Polycondensational polymers are compounds which are obtained by condensation polymerization with successive repetitions of the condensation reaction.
hydrogen → vodik
Hydrogen was discovered by Sir Henry Cavendish (England) in 1766. The origin of the name comes from the Greek words hydro and genes meaning water and generate. It is colourless, odourless gas, burns and forms explosive mixtures in air. Reacts violently with oxidants. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. Commercial quantities of hydrogen are produced by reacting superheated steam with methane or carbon. In lab work from reaction of metals with acid solutions or electrolysis. Most hydrogen is used in the production of ammonia and in metal refining. Also used as fuel in rockets. Its two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) used respectively for nuclear fusion.
indicator → indikator
Indicator is a substance used to show the presence of a chemical substance or ion by its colour. Acid-base indicators are compounds, such as phenolphtaleine and methyl orange, which change colour reversibly, depending on whether the solution is acidic or basic. Oxidation-reduction indicators are substances that show a reversible colour change between oxidised and reduced forms.
indium → indij
Indium was discovered by Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymus Theodor Richter (Germany) in 1863. Named after the indicum (colour indigo), the colour it shows in a spectroscope. It is rare, very soft, silver-white metal. Stable in air and water. Dissolves in acids. Metal can ignite and burn. Indium is found in certain zinc ores. Used to coat high speed bearings and as an alloy that lowers the melting point of other metals. Relatively small amounts are used in dental items and in electronic semiconductors.
potassium fertilizer → kalijevo gnojivo
Potassium fertilizers are compounds of potassium used as an artificial manure e.g. potassium-chloride, potassium-sulphate, potassium-magnesium-sulphate, and ashes formed after wood burns out.
protein → bjelančevina
Proteins are natural organic compounds of animal or herbal origin, essential in diet. They are natural polymers developed from a crowd of interconnecting monomers of amino acids, with relative molecular masses amounting up to a few million.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Heterociklički spojevi." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
English