CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
covalent bond → kovalentna veza
Covalent bond is a chemical bond between two atoms whose stability results from the sharing of two electrons, one from each atom (H· + ·H = H:H or H-H).
cracking → krekiranje
Cracking is the process whereby heavy molecules of petroleum or crude oil are broken down into hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight (especially in the oil-refining process).
critical point → kritična točka
In general, critical point is the point on the phase diagram of a two-phase system at which the two coexisting phases have identical properties and therefore represent a single phase. At the liquid-gas critical point of a pure substance, the distinction between liquid and gas vanishes, and the vapour pressure curve ends. The coordinates of this point are called the critical temperature and critical pressure. Above the critical temperature it is not possible to liquefy the substance.
critical pressure → kritični tlak
Critical pressure is the pressure of a fluid in its critical point; i.e. when it is at its critical temperature and critical volume.
critical temperature → kritična temperatura
Critical temperature is the temperature of the liquid-vapour critical point, that is, the temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied by an increase of pressure.
crucible → lončić za žarenje
Crucible is used for heating small amounts of solid in an oven to very high temperatures. Crucibles are usually made out of porcelain, platinum, nickel or iron.
crude oil → sirova nafta
Crude oil (petroleum) is a fossil fuel formed from plant and animal remains many million of years ago. It is occasionally found in springs or pools but is usually drilled from wells beneath the earth’s surface. Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons with small quantities of other chemicals such as sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen. Crude is the raw material which is refined into petrol, heating oil, jet fuel, propane, petrochemicals, and other products.
cubic close-packed structure → kubična gusta slagalina
In a cubic close-packed (ccp) arrangement of atoms, the unit cell consists of four layers of atoms. The top and bottom layers (a) contain six atoms at the corners of a hexagon and one atom at the center of each hexagon. The atoms in the second layer (b) fit into depressions in the first layer. The atoms in the third layer (c) occupy a different set of depressions than those in the first. The cubic close packed structure can be made by piling layers in the a-b-c-a-b-c-a-b-c... sequence.
crystal system → kristalni sustav
Crystal system is a method of classifying crystalline substances on the basis of their unit cell. There are seven unique crystal systems. The simplest and most symmetric, the cubic (or isometric) system, has the symmetry of a cube. The other six systems, in order of decreasing symmetry, are hexagonal, tetragonal, rhombohedral (also known as trigonal), orthorhombic, monoclinic and triclinic.
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Crystal system
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Unit-cell
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Conditions on unit-cell edges and angles |
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cubic |
 |
a=b=c α=β=γ=90° |
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hexagonal |
 |
a≠c α=γ=90° β=120° |
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tetragonal |
 |
a=b≠c α=β=γ=90° |
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rhombohedral |
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a=b=c α=β=γ≠90° |
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orthorhombic |
 |
a≠b≠c α=β=γ=90° |
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monoclinic |
 |
a≠b≠c α=γ=90°≠β |
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triclinic |
 |
a≠b≠c α≠β≠γ≠90° |
cubic crystal system → kubični kristalni sustav
Cubic crystal system is also known as the isometric system. The Isometric crystal system characterizes itself by its three equivalent crystallographic axes perpendicular to each other.
a = b = c
α = β = γ = 90°
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Curtain rod width." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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