CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
critical point → kritična točka
In general, critical point is the point on the phase diagram of a two-phase system at which the two coexisting phases have identical properties and therefore represent a single phase. At the liquid-gas critical point of a pure substance, the distinction between liquid and gas vanishes, and the vapour pressure curve ends. The coordinates of this point are called the critical temperature and critical pressure. Above the critical temperature it is not possible to liquefy the substance.
critical pressure → kritični tlak
Critical pressure is the pressure of a fluid in its critical point; i.e. when it is at its critical temperature and critical volume.
crucible → lončić za žarenje
Crucible is used for heating small amounts of solid in an oven to very high temperatures. Crucibles are usually made out of porcelain, platinum, nickel or iron.
isothermal process → izotermni proces
Isothermal process is a thermodynamic process in which the temperature of the system does not change.
latent heat → latentna toplina
Latent heat (L) is the quantity of heat absorbed or released when a substance changes its physical phase at constant temperature (e.g. from solid to liquid at the melting point or from liquid to gas at the boiling point).
lattice energy → energija kristalne rešetke
Lattice energy is the energy per ion pair required to separate completely the ions in a crystal lattice at a temperature of absolute zero.
monotropy → monotropija
Monotropy is a type of polymorphism in which there is one stable form and all others are unstable and there is no transitional temperature between them.
cryogenic fluid → kriogenski fluid
Cryogenic fluids are used for accessing low temperatures, usually below -150 °C. Cryogenic temperatures are achieved by the rapid evaporation of volatile liquids. The most common laboratory cryogenic fluids are liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). Nitrogen gas is colorless and odorless. The cloud formed when pouring liquid nitrogen is condensed water vapour from the air, not nitrogen gas.
diamond → dijamant
Diamond is the hardest known mineral (with a hardness of 10 on Mohs’ scale). It is an allotropic form of pure carbon that has crystallised in the cubic system, usually as octahedral or cubes, under great pressure. Diamond crystals my be colourless and transparent or yellow, brown or black. They are highly prized as gemstones, but also have extensive uses in industry, mainly for cutting and grinding tools. Diamonds occur in ancient volcanic pipes of kimberlite, or in river deposits that have been derived from weathered kimberlite. Industrial diamonds are being increasingly synthetically produced.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Celsius temperature scale." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
English
