CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
X-rays → X-zrake
X-rays are electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength than ultraviolet radiation (10-11 m to 10-9 m or 0.01 nm to 1 nm) produced by bombardment of atoms by high-quantum-energy particles. X-rays can pass through many forms of matter and they are therefore used medically and industrially to examine the internal structure.
ytterbium → iterbij
Ytterbium was discovered by Jean de Marignac (France) in 1878. Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden. It is silvery, lustrous, malleable and ductile metal. Oxidizes slowly in air. Reacts with water. Flammable dust. Ytterbium is found in minerals such as yttria, monazite, gadolinite and xenotime. Used in metallurgical and chemical experiments.
yttrium → itrij
Yttrium was discovered by Carl Gustaf Mosander (Sweden) in 1843. Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden. It is silvery, ductile, fairly reactive metal. Exposed surfaces form oxide film. Easily combustible, reacts with oxygen in water to release hydrogen. Yttrium is found in minerals such as monazite, xenotime and yttria. Combined with europium to make red phosphors for colour TV’s. Yttrium oxide and iron oxide combine to form a crystal garnet used in radar.
zinc → cink
Zinc was discovered by Andreas Marggraf (Germany) in 1746. The origin of the name comes from the German word zink. It is bluish-silver, ductile metal. Reacts with alkalis and acids. Tarnishes in air. Zinc is found in the minerals zinc blende (sphalerite) (ZnS), calamine, franklinite, smithsonite (ZnCO3), willemite and zincite (ZnO). Used to coat other metal (galvanizing) to protect them from rusting. Although some 90 % of the zinc is used for galvanizing steel. Zinc metal is used in the common dry-cell battery. Also used in alloys such as brass, bronze. Zinc compounds are also used in the manufacture of paints, cosmetics, plastics, electronic devices, and other products.
Cystine → Cistin
Cystine (C6H12N2O4S2) is a dimer of cysteine. It is formed by the oxidation of the thiol groups (-SH) of two cysteines generating a disulphide bridge (-S-S-). Cystine is a white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water. Cystine is particularly abundant in skeletal and connective tissues and in hair, horn, and wool.
Citing this page:
Generalic, Eni. "Bijela svjetlost." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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