CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

litre    →   litra

Litre (l, L) (AE liter) is a synonym for cubic decimetre (L = dm³). The alternative symbol for the liter, L, was adopted by the CGPM in 1979 in order to avoid the risk of confusion between the letter l and the number 1.

lumen    →   lumen

Lumen (lm) is the SI derived unit of luminous flux. The lumen is the luminous flux emitted in a solid angle of one steradian by a point source having a uniform intensity of one candela (1 lm =1 cd·sr).

luminous flux    →   svjetlosni tok

Luminous flux (Φ) is the intensity of light from a source multiplied by the solid angle. The SI unit is lumen.

coulomb    →   kulon

Coulomb (C) is the SI unit of electric charge. It is equal to the charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one second (C = A s). The unit was named after the French physicist C. A. Coulomb (1736-1806).

cubic close-packed structure    →   kubična gusta slagalina

In a cubic close-packed (ccp) arrangement of atoms, the unit cell consists of four layers of atoms. The top and bottom layers (a) contain six atoms at the corners of a hexagon and one atom at the center of each hexagon. The atoms in the second layer (b) fit into depressions in the first layer. The atoms in the third layer (c) occupy a different set of depressions than those in the first. The cubic close packed structure can be made by piling layers in the a-b-c-a-b-c-a-b-c... sequence.

degree    →   stupanj

1. Degree is a unit of temperature on a specified scale. The temperatures of boiling and freezing water are: in the Fahrenheit system 212 and 32 degrees; in the Celsius system 100 and 0 (zero) degrees.

2. Degree is a unit of angular measure. A circle is divided into 360 degrees, represented by the symbol °. Degrees are each divided into 60 minutes. Each minute has 60 seconds. Symbols for degree, minute, and second for plane angle is placed after the numerical value and a no space between the numerical value and the unit symbol (α = 2°3'4").

3. In algebra, the degree of a polynomial is the highest power of the variable in the polynomial. For example, 4x³ + 3x² + x + 7 have degree 3.

density    →   gustoća

In the most common usage, density (ρ) is mass density or mass per unit volume. In Si units it is measured in kg m^-3. More commonly, densities are given in kg dm^-3.

More generally, it is the amount of some quantity (mass, charge, energy, etc.) divided by a length, area, or volume.

Relative density is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of some reference substance. For liquids or solids, it is the ratio of the density (usually at 20 °C) to the density of water at 4 °C. This quantity was formerly called specific gravity.

lux    →   luks

Lux (lx) is the SI derived unit of illuminance. The lux is the illuminance produced by a luminous flux of one lumen uniformly distributed over a surface of one square metre (1 lx = 1 lm·m^-2).

mho    →   mho

Mho is an archaic name for the SI unit siemens (reciprocal ohm).

millimetre of mercury    →   milimetar živina stupca

Millimetre of mercury (mmHg) is a non-SI unit of pressure, equal to 133.322 Pa. The name is generally considered interchangeable with torr.