CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

Results 891–900 of 1243 for OFICINAVIRTUAL.ISSSTE.GOB.MX

quantum chemistry → kvantna kemija

Quantum chemistry is a theoretical branch of chemistry that concerns the application of quantum mechanics to chemical problems.

racemate → racemat

Racemate is a mixture of equal quantities of the d- and l-forms of an optically active compound. A racemic mixture is not optically active.

Newman’s projection → Newmanova projekcija

Newman’s projection is an image which we get when we observe a model of ethane molecule in C-C bond direction.

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Newton (N) is the SI unit of force, being the force required to give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of 1 m s^-2 (N = kg m s^-2). It was named after the British scientist Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727).

nickel → nikal

Nickel was discovered by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (Sweden) in 1751. The origin of the name comes from the German word kupfernickel meaning Devil’s copper or St Nicholas’s (Old Nick’s) copper. It is hard, malleable, silvery-white metal. Soluble in acids, resist alkalis. It can be polished to a lustrous finish. Resists corrosion in air under normal conditions. Nickel is chiefly found in pentlandite [(Ni,Fe)₉S₈] ore. The metal is produced by heating the ore in a blast furnace which replaces the sulfur with oxygen. The oxides are then treated with an acid that reacts with the iron not the nickel. Used in electroplating and metal alloys because of its resistance to corrosion. Also in nickel-cadmium batteries, as a catalyst and for coins.

niobium → niobij

Niobium was discovered by Charles Hatchett (England) in 1801. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word Niobe meaning daughter of Tantalus in Greek mythology (tantalum is closely related to niobium in the periodic table). It is shiny white, soft, ductile metal. Exposed surfaces form oxide film. Niobium occurs in a mineral columbite. It is used in stainless steel alloys for nuclear reactors, jets and missiles. Used as an alloy with iron and nickel. It can be used in nuclear reactors and is known to be superconductive when alloyed with tin, aluminium or zirconium.

racemisation → racemizacija

Racemisation is a conversion, by heat or by chemical reaction, of an optically active compound into an optically inactive form which half of the optically active substance becomes its miror image (enantiomer).

radiation → radijacija

The process of heat transfer which occurs through empty space and can also occur in matter, in the form of electro-magnetic (EM) waves, is called radiation or radiant heat. Whenever EM radiation is emitted and then absorbed, heat is transferred. This principle is used in microwave ovens, laser cutting, and RF hair removal.

radiation damage → radijacijsko oštećenje

Radiation damage is a general term for the alteration of properties of a material arising from exposure to ionising radiation (penetrating radiation), such as X-rays, γ-rays, neutrons, heavy-particle radiation, or fission fragments in the nuclear fuel material.

radical → radikal

Radical is a reaction intermediate where a bond is broken and the two parts of the molecule exist carrying a single unshared electron. The radicals are normally destroyed quickly by recombination or they break into another radical and a stable molecule.

Citing this page:

Generalic, Eni. "OFICINAVIRTUAL.ISSSTE.GOB.MX." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.