CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY

glacial acetic acid    →   ledena octena kiselina

Glacial acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is the pure compound, as distinguished from the usual water solutions known as acetic acid. It is a colorless liquid or crystalline substance (melting point 16.6 °C) with a pungent, vinegar odor.

colloid mill    →   koloidni mlin

Colloid mills are machines used to grind aggregates into very fine particles or to apply very high shearing within a fluid to produce colloid suspensions or emulsions in which the particle sizes are less than 1 micrometer. One type of colloid mill is called a disc mill, in which a mixture of a solid and liquid (or two liquids) is passed between two discs a small distance apart, which rotate very rapidly relative to each other. Applications of colloid mills occur in food processing, in paint manufacture, and in the pharmaceutical industry.

complexometry    →   kompleksometrija

Complexometry is a volumetric analytic method which is based on titration of metal ion solutions with a substance that, combined with metal ions yields complex compounds, e.g. EDTA. The stoichiometric ratio of EDTA-metal in complexometric analyses is always 1:1, whatever the valency of the metal

composition of ocean water    →   sastav oceanske vode

The proportions of the major constituents of ocean water are almost constant throughout the world. Salinity (total salt content) and the concentrations of individual chemical constituents in sea wateris given the units psu (practical salinity units). For most purposes one can assume that the new unit, psu, and the older unit, ‰, are synonymous.

The average composition of the ocean water is as shown on the following table.

concentration    →   koncentracija

1. Group of four quantities characterizing the composition of a mixture with respect to the volume of the mixture (mass, amount, volume and number concentration).

2. Short form for amount (of substance) concentration (substance concentration in clinical chemistry).

glass    →   staklo

Glass is a brittle transparent solid with the molecular structure of a liquid. It is made by fusing together sand (SiO₂), soda (Na₂CO₃), and lime (CaCO₃) with small quantities other compounds. It is used for window panes and mirrors, for articles of table and culinary use, for lenses, and various articles of ornament.

glass transition temperature    →   temperatura staklastog prijelaza

Glass transition temperature (T_g) is the temperature at which an amorphous polymer is transformed, in a reversible way, from a viscous or rubbery condition to a hard and relatively brittle one.

Grignard reagent    →   Grignardov reagens

Grignard reagents are organomagnesium halides, RMgX, having a carbon- magnesium bond (or their equilibrium mixtures in solution with R₂Mg + MgX₂).

heat of crystallization    →   toplina kristalizacije

Heat of crystallization or enthalpy of crystallization is the heat evolved or absorbed when one mole of given substance crystallises from a saturated solution of the same substance.

heat of fusion    →   toplina taljenja

Heat of fusion or enthalpy of fusion is the heat required to convert a substance from the solid to the liquid state with no temperature change (also called latent heat of fusion or melting).