Activity (a) is a thermodynamic function used in place of concentration in equilibrium constants for reactions involving nonideal gases and solutions. For the species i activity is defined as
where ai is the activity of the species i, ci is its molar concentration, and fi is a dimensionless quantity called the activity coefficient.
Calorimetry is a measurement of the amount of heat evolved or absorbed in a chemical reaction, change of state, or formation of a solution, or any other event that includes heat transfer.
Cation exchange is a cationic resin has positive ions built into its structure and therefore exchanges negative ions. In the cation exchange, the side groups are ionised acidic groups, such as (-SO3H, -COOH, -OH) to which cations H+ are attached. The exchange reaction is one in which different cations in the solution displace the H+ from the solid.
Centripetal force is a force which makes body move through a curvature. Its orientation is always in path forwards the centre of rotation.
Some substance is a compound only if it can be decomposed into two or more different substances by means of a chemical reaction. If two or more substances react, thus creating a new substance, that new substance is called a chemical compound.
Alkenes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having one or more double carbon-carbon bonds in their molecules. In the systematic chemical nomenclature, alkene names end in the suffix -ene. The general formula is CnH(2n+2)-2x were x is the number of double bonds. Alkenes that have only one double bond form a homologous series: ethene (ethylene), CH2=CH2, propene, CH3CH2=CH2, etc. Alkenes typically undergo addition reactions to the double bond.
Alkynes (acetylenes) are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having one or more triple carbon-carbon bond. In the systematic chemical nomenclature alkyne names end in the suffix -yne. The general formula is CnH(2n+2)-4x were x is the number of triple bonds. Alkynes that have only one triple bond form a homologous series: ethyne (acetylene), CH≡CH, propyne, CH3CH≡CH, etc. Like alkenes, alkynes undergo addition reaction.
Amphoteric substances can behave as acids or as bases depending upon their surroundings. So aluminium hydroxide in reaction with acids will behave as a base
and in reaction with bases it will act as an acid
Chemical energy is the energy stored in substances and transferred during chemical reaction.
Chemical equation equalization is determining values of stechiometric coefficients of reactants and products in a chemical equation in a way that the number of atoms of each element is equal before and after the reaction.
Generalic, Eni. "Forward reaction." Croatian-English Chemistry Dictionary & Glossary. 29 June 2022. KTF-Split. {Date of access}. <https://glossary.periodni.com>.
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